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Table 1 Characteristics of participants according to their vitamin D status

From: Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with HDL-cholesterol and other cardiovascular risk biomarkers in subjects with non-cardiac chest pain

Variable

Total (n = 104)

Sufficient vitamin D status (n = 7)

Insufficient vitamin D status (n = 18)

Deficient vitamin D status (n = 79)

P-value*

Age (Year)

 Mean ± SD

50.77 ± 11.03

55.0 ± 11.61

52.28 ± 11.89

50.05 ± 10.81

0.39

 Mean rank

–

65.07

56.50

50.47

 

BMI (Kg/m2)

 

0.19

 Mean ± SD

30.58 ± 5.61

29.71 ± 3.68

28.56 ± 4.89

31.11 ± 5.83

 

 Mean rank

–

50.79

41.03

55.27

Gender

 Male

64 (61.5)

2 (28.6)

12 (66.7)

50 (63.3)

0.18

 Female

40 (38.5)

5 (71.4)

6 (33.3)

29 (36.7)

 

Smoking

 Yes

42 (40.4)

4 (57.1)

6 (33.3)

32 (40.5)

0.56

 No

62 (59.6)

3 (42.9)

12 (66.7)

47 (59.5)

 

Education

0.94

 Below high school

64 (61.5)

5 (71.4)

11 (61.1)

48 (60.8)

 

 High school or above

40 (38.5)

2 (28.6)

7 (38.9)

31 (39.2)

 

SBP (mmHg)

 Mean ± SD

129.74 ± 13.65

131.14 ± 6.52

128.33 ± 17.82

129.94 ± 13.15

0.90

 Mean rank

-

57.36

51.75

52.24

 

DBP (mmHg)

 Mean ± SD

80.75 ± 9.78

84.14 ± 9.92

80.00 ± 12.37

80.62 ± 9.17

0.66

 Mean rank

–

62.29

52.36

51.66

 

FBG (mmol/L)

 Median (25th–75th percentiles)

6.70 (5.30–8.70)

6.60 (5.60–8.40)

6.15 (4.95–7.85)

6.80 (5.43–8.80)

0.34

 Mean rank

-

49.43

40.67

51.68

 

HbA1c (%)

 Median (25th–75th percentiles)

5.80 (5.50–6.87)

5.9 (4.76–6.39)

5.61 (5.30–5.79)

5.99 (5.59–7.75)

0.05

 Mean rank

-

32.92

26.13

41.24

 

HDL-C(mmol/L)

 Mean ± SD

1.06 ± 0.28

1.31 ± 0.15

1.17 ± 0.32

1.01 ± 0.25

< 0.01

 Mean rank

 

81.57

60.42

45.22

 

LDL-C (mmol/L)

 Mean ± SD

3.20 ± 0.95

3.65 ± 0.75

3.11 ± 0.98

3.18 ± 0.96

0.29

 Mean rank

-

66.79

47.19

49.77

 

TGs (mmol/L)

 Median (25th–75th percentiles)

2.04 (1.48–2.79)

1.35 (1.26–3.47)

1.74 (1.38–2.27)

2.07 (1.57–2.88)

0.14

 Mean rank

-

39.29

41.14

53.79

 

Total Cholesterol (mmol/L)

 Mean ± SD

4.73 ± 1.08

5.38 ± 0.88

4.67 ± 1.07

4.68 ± 1.09

0.20

 Mean rank

-

69.57

49.58

48.94

 

Dyslipidemia

 

0.35

 Normal

15 (14.4)

2 (28.6)

3 (16.7)

10 (12.7)

 

 Dyslipidemia

89 (85.6)

5 (71.4)

15 (83.3)

69 (87.3)

 

25-hydroxyvitamin D (ng/mL)

 Median (25th–75th percentiles)

12.76 (8.29–19.72)

42.0 (32.10–43.42)

22.87 (20.89–24.46)

9.85 (7.27–14.74)

< 0.001

 Mean rank

-

101.00

88.50

40.00

 
  1. *Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and Kruskal-Wallis H test for continuous variables (p-value < 0.05 is considered significant). Data are expressed as frequency (%), mean ± standard deviation or median (25th–75th percentiles). BMI; body mass index, SBP; systolic blood pressure, DBP; diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C; low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, TGs; Triglycerides; FBG; fasting blood glucose, HbA1c; hemoglobin A1c, SD; standard deviation