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Table 3 Changes in the outcome measures from baseline to post-intervention

From: Curcumin and/or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation reduces insulin resistance and blood lipids in individuals with high risk of type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

CHARACTERISTICS

PL

(n = 16)

CC

(n = 15)

FO

(n = 17)

CC-FO

(n = 16)

P-VALUE

Glycaemic control parameters

 Fasting plasma glucose (%)

−0.6 ± 1.3

−1.9 ± 2.2

−0.5 ± 1.1

0.5 ± 1.6

0.851

 HbA1c (%)

1.7 ± 0.6*

1.0 ± 0.7

2.0 ± 0.8*

2.2 ± 1.2

0.765

 Fructosamine (umol/L)

2.2 (14.7)

0.8 (13.3)

2.7 (9.1)

1.7 (10.6)

0.776

lipid parameters (%)

 Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

0 (3.7)

1.92 (14.4)

0 (10.8)

2.7 (19.2)

0.767

 LDL-C (mmol/L)

−2.7 (10.2)

−1.6 (25.1)

3.0 (17.9)

6.5 (29.7)

0.120

 HDL-C (mmol/L)

0 (15.3)

0 (15.8)

6.3 (12.5)

0 (19.0)

0.333

 Total: HDL-C

3.3 (12.4)

−5.2 (9.7)

−2.6 (16.5)

2.6 (12.2)

0.180

Inflammation and blood cell count

 CRP (mg/L)

−0.3 (1.2)

0.3 (0.6)

0.3 (1.4)

0 (0.9)

0.080

 White blood cells (109/L)

0.2 (1.1)

−0.7 (1.3)*

−0.4 (0.8)*

− 0.4 (1.2)

0.339

 Neutrophils (109/L)

0.2 (0.8)

−0.1 (0.8)

−0.5 (0.9)

− 0.3 (1.1)

0.070

 Lymphocytes (109/L)

0.04 ± 0.1

−0.3 ± 0.1*

0.1 ± 0.1

0.1 ± 0.1

0.024

 Monocytes (109/L)

−0.01 ± 0.0

−0.1 ± 0.0**

0.0 ± 0.0

−0.01 ± 0.0

0.290

 Platelets (109/L)

3 (27)

2 (19)

2 (29)

−10 (24)

0.618

  1. Data presented as mean ± SEM or median (IQR) as appropriate. Significant change from baseline, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 represents the significant differences from the baseline with-in treatment groups. PL placebo, CC curcumin, FO fish oil, CC-FO curcumin + fish oil, HbA1c glycated haemoglobin, LDL-C LDL-cholesterol, HDL HDL-cholesterol, Total: HDL total cholesterol-to-HDL ratio, CRP C-reactive protein