Fig. 4

The effect of pharmacological inhibitors of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways on MCP-1 secretion stimulated by LPS alone or the combination of LPS and PA. A-B: RAW264.7 cells were treated with 1 ng/ml LPS alone (a) or 1 ng/ml LPS + 100 μM PA (b) in the absence or presence of 10 μM SB-203580 (SB), an inhibitor for the p38 MAPK pathway, 2.5 μM SP-600125 (SP), an inhibitor for the JNK pathway, or 2.5 μM PD 98059 (PD), an inhibitor for the ERK pathway, for 24 h. C-D: RAW264.7 cells were also treated with 1 ng/ml LPS alone (c) and the combination of 1 ng/ml LPS + 100 μM PA (d) in the absence or presence of 0.5 μM Bay-117,085 (Bay), an inhibitor for the NF-κB pathway, for 24 h. After treatment, MCP-1 in culture medium was quantified using ELISA. The RAW264.7 were pretreated with all the inhibitors for 30 min, following LPS or LPS plus PA treatment for 24 h. MCP-1 secretion was showed by the fold of control, and the data from three experiments were presented. ^*** P < 0.01; ^* 0.01 < P < 0.05; ⁺ P > 0.05