Fig. 1From: Metformin regulates lipid metabolism in a canine model of atrial fibrillation through AMPK/PPAR-α/VLCAD pathwayMetformin decreases ARP-induced lipid accumulation in LAA. a, b Extract LAA lipids as shown in Materials and Methods, and detect the triglyceride and free fatty acid contents. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. c Quantitative analysis of oil red O positive area. d Representative images of oil red O staining for lipids (red color, × 40). SR, sinus rhythm; ARP, atrial rapid pacing; MET, metformin. *P <0.05 versus SR group; #P <0.05 versus ARP group; n = 5 per group. (The arrow points to the lipid droplets which stained with red color)Back to article page