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Table 4 Association between LDL-C levels and diabetes mellitus among subgroups

From: U-shaped association between low-density lipid cholesterol and diabetes mellitus in patients with hypertension

subgroup

LDL-C < 3.4 mmol/L

3.4 mmol/L ≤ LDL-C < 4.1 mmol/L

LDLC ≥4.1 mmol/L

OR(95%CIs)

P-value

P-interaction

OR(95%CIs)

P-value

P-interaction

OR(95%CIs)

P-value

P-interaction

Age,y

  

0.022

  

0.119

  

0.648

≥60

0.778(0.642,0.944)

0.011

 

0.603(0.332,1.094)

0.096

 

1.316(1.045,1.656)

0.019

 

< 60

0.827(0.657,1.040)

0.104

 

0.885(0.440,1.779)

0.731

 

1.45(1.044,2.012)

0.026

 

Sex

  

0.771

  

0.358

  

0.197

Male

0.774(0.633,0.946)

0.012

 

0.913(0.48,1.735)

0.78

 

1.528(1.153,2.026)

0.003

 

Female

0.862(0.703,1.057)

0.152

 

0.616(0.34,1.115)

0.11

 

1.202(0.949,1.524)

0.127

 

Smoke

  

0.695

  

0.196

  

0.265

Yes

0.658(0.490,0.885)

0.006

 

1.131(0.489,2.615)

0.773

 

1.580(1.096,2.277)

0.014

 

No

0.840(0.713,0.989)

0.036

 

0.619(0.372,1.029)

0.064

 

1.240(1.008,1.525)

0.041

 

Alcohol consumption

0.333

  

0.395

  

0.399

Yes

0.645(0.428,0.972)

0.036

 

1.166(0.344,3.952)

0.805

 

1.489(0.849,2.612)

0.165

 

No

0.831(0.713,0.967)

0.017

 

0.702(0.440,1.12)

0.137

 

1.285(1.063,1.555)

0.01

 

CAD

  

0.293

  

0.114

  

0.639

Yes

0.967(0.265,3.531)

0.959

 

0.186(0,Inf)

1

 

0.195(0,Inf)

1

 

No

0.802(0.695,0.926)

0.003

 

0.777(0.504,1.199)

0.255

 

1.32(1.102,1.581)

0.003

 

Stroke

  

0.005

  

0.219

  

0.126

Yes

3.547(1.236,10.181)

0.019

 

0.000(0.000,50.287)

0.123

 

0(0,Inf)

1

 

No

0.775(0.671,0.895)

0.001

 

0.763(0.494,1.179)

0.223

 

1.288(1.076,1.542)

0.006

 

BMI, kg/m2

0.411

  

0.099

  

0.417

≥24

0.827(0.691,0.990)

0.039

 

0.764(0.448,1.302)

0.322

 

1.349(1.083,1.681)

0.008

 

< 24

0.993(0.914,1.079)

0.869

 

0.597(0.273,1.306)

0.197

 

1.314(0.952,1.815)

0.097

 

Statin

0.622

  

0.748

  

0.049

Yes

0.996(0.990,1.002)

0.207

 

1.000(0.969,1.031)

0.982

 

1.027(1.009,1.045)

0.003

 

No

0.994(0.989,0.999)

0.010

 

0.992(0.981,1.004)

0.216

 

1.005(1.000,1.010)

0.034

 
  1. LDL-C,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, CAD, coronary artery disease, BMI, body mass index, OR, odds ratio; CIs, confidence Intervals
  2. model adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, history of CAD, stroke, consumption of β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme /angiotensin-receptor blockers, statin, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, HDL-C and estimated glomerular filtration rate