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Table 4 Mean and standard error of FNDC5 gene expression fold change in the main study (After 12 h incubation)

From: Upregulation of FNDC5 gene expression in C2C12 cells after single and combined treatments of resveratrol and ATRA

Groups

Mean

S.E

P valueb

Res (25 μM)

1.01

0.21

P > 9.0

Res (1 μM)

1.1

0.01

P > 9.0

ATRA (10 μM)

2.02

0.24

0.299

Res (12.5 μM) + ATRA (5 μM)

2.72

0.31

a0.021

Res (0.5 μM) + ATRA (5 μM)

2.90

0.39

a0.009

Res (25 μM) + ATRA (10 μM)

3.20

0.61

a0.002

Res (1 μM) + ATRA (10 μM)

2.90

0.60

a0.010

Vehicle

1.03

0.13

–

  1. aThe mean difference is significant at the 0.05 levels
  2. b Comparing each group with the vehicle group.