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Table 1 Main characteristics of studies included in the study

From: Association of statin use and clinical outcomes in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study, year

Study design

Type of HF

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Study comparison

Type of statins

Primary endpoints

Follow-up

Horwich et al. 2004

Prospective cohort

HFrEF

HF patients

EF > 40% Baseline incomplete data

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause mortality; mortality mortality

12 mo

Sola et al. 2005

Prospective cohort

HFrEF

HF patients EF ≤35% NYHA II-III

Prescribed statins > 1 year; intolerance to statins

Statins: Control

Atorvastatin Fluvastatin Pitavastatin Simvastatin

All-cause mortality; Hospitalization

24 5 mo

Fukuta et al. 2005

Prospective cohort

HFpEF

HF patients

EF < 50% Significant valvular disease; prosthetic valve

Statins: Control

Atorvastatin Simvastatin Pravastatin Fluvastatin

All-cause mortality; Hospitalizations

21 ± 12 mo

Hong et al. 2005

Prospective cohort

HFrEF

HF patients < 40%

HF patients with EF > 40%

Statins: Control

Simvastatin

 

12 mo

Go et al. 2006

Prospective cohort

HFrEF

HF patients

 

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause mortality; Hospitalizations

28 mo

Kjekshus et al. 2007 CORONA

RCTs

HFrEF

HF patients, EF < 40%, NYHA II-IV

previous statin- induced myopathy or hypersensitivity decompensated HF

Statins: Control

Rosuvastatin

CV death Non-fatal MI Stroke

38.2 mo

Huan et al. 2007

Prospective cohort

HFrEF

HF patients with LVSD

HF patients with LVDD

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause mortality;

36 mo

Coleman et al. 2008

Prospective cohort

HFrEF

HF patients EF < 40%,und--ergoing ICD

 

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause Mortality VT/VF incidence

31 mo

Roik et al. 2008

Prospective cohort

HFpEF

HF patients with preserved EF

LVEF ≤45%, ACS cardiogenic shock severe AS, etc.

Statins: Control

Simvastatin Atorvastatin

All-cause mortality; Hospitalization

12 mo

Tevazzi et al. 2008 the GISSI-HF trial

RCTs

HFrEF

HF patients NYHA II-IV

Non-cardiac comorbidity (cancer)

Statins: Control

Rosuvastatin

All-cause mortality; Hospitalization

3.9 y

Gomez-Soto et al. 2010

Prospective cohort

HFpEF

HF patients with preserved EF

HF patients with reduced EF

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause mortality; CV mortality Hospitalization

34.6 mo

Kaneko et al. 2013

Prospective cohort

HFpEF

HF patients with EF ≥50%

Valvular heart disease EF < 50%

Statins: Control

Not specified

CV mortality Hospitalization

3 y

Yap et al. 2015

Prospective cohort

HFpEF

HF patients with EF ≥50%

Incomplete follow-up Non-documented EF

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause mortality;

2 y

Nochioka et al. 2015

Prospective cohort

HFpEF

HF patients with stages B-D

NR

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause mortality; Hospitalization

3 y

Alehagen U et al. 2015

Prospective cohort

HFpEF

HF patients with EF ≥50%

HF patients with EF < 50%

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause mortality;

12 mo

Alehagen et al. 2015

Prospective cohort

HFrEF

HF patients

HF patients with EF ≥50%

Statins: Control

Not specified

All-cause mortality;

24 mo

Tsujimoto et al. 2018

Prospective cohort

HFpEF

HF patients with preserved EF

HOCMP systemic illness with l Life expectancy < 3 y;

  

All-cause mortality; CV and Non-CV mortality;

3.3 y

  1. Abbreviations: HF: heart failure; HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; CV: cardiovascular; ACS: acute coronary syndrome; AS: aortic stenosis; NR: non-reported; mo: months; y: years