Table 2 Energy and TFA intake of participants in the study from 1991 to 2011
From: Trans fatty acid intake among Chinese population: a longitudinal study from 1991 to 2011
Years | 1991 | 1993 | 1997 | 2000 | 2004 | 2006 | 2009 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy intake (kcal/d) | ||||||||
Mean ± SD | 2197 (7.4) | 2147 (7.3) | 2324 (7.5) | 2240 (6.9) | 2232 (8.0) | 2249 (7.9) | 2103 (6.8) | 2021 (7.4) |
Women | 2103 (9.3) | 2050 (9.1) | 2158 (9.4) | 2077 (8.6) | 2064 (10.0) | 2071 (9.8) | 1927 (8.4) | 1856 (9.1) |
Men | 2299 (11.4) | 2251 (11.2) | 2493 (11.4) | 2409 (10.4) | 2409 (12.1) | 2437 (12.1) | 2286 (10.3) | 2201 (11.4) |
≤18 | 1807 (11.6) | 1769 (11.6) | 1916 (13.8) | 1873 (13.5) | 1814 (17.5) | 1748 (17.8) | 1628 (16.8) | 1557 (17.8) |
19–60 | 2431 (9.3) | 2359 (9.2) | 2548 (9.2) | 2413 (8.3) | 2381 (9.6) | 2417 (9.7) | 2244 (8.2) | 2166 (9.3) |
≥61 | 2126 (20.7) | 2098 (20.0) | 2092 (18.1) | 2080 (17.0) | 2116 (18.7) | 2102 (16.5) | 2005 (13.6) | 1928 (13.9) |
Total TFA intake(g/d)(E%)a | ||||||||
Mean | 0.254 (0.110) | 0.267 (0.116) | 0.367 (0.143) | 0.387 (0.155) | 0.430 (0.170) | 0.480 (0.193) | 0.471 (0.202) | 0.530 (0.235) |
Women | 0.243 (0.109) | 0.250 (0.115) | 0.246 (0.144) | 0.364 (0.157) | 0.408 (0.174) | 0.447 (0.195) | 0.437 (0.204) | 0.499 (0.240) |
Men | 0.266 (0.111) | 0.284 (0.118) | 0.389 (0.142) | 0.412 (0.153) | 0.453 (0.166) | 0.515 (0.191) | 0.506 (0.199) | 0.563 (0.230) |
≤18 | 0.197 (0.104) | 0.201 (0.108) | 0.299 (0.142) | 0.320 (0.153) | 0.379 (0.181) | 0.380 (0.194) | 0.407 (0.223) | 0.429 (0.246) |
19–60 | 0.284 (0.111) | 0.297 (0.119) | 0.399 (0.142) | 0.410 (0.152) | 0.449 (0.167) | 0.511 (0.191) | 0.496 (0.198) | 0.562 (0.234) |
≥61 | 0.269 (0.120) | 0.293 (0.127) | 0.354 (0.149) | 0.398 (0.170) | 0.415 (0.173) | 0.459 (0.197) | 0.441 (0.199) | 0.506 (0.232) |
Natural source | 0.045 (0.020) | 0.056 (0.026) | 0.062 (0.025) | 0.075 (0.031) | 0.095 (0.040) | 0.094 (0.040) | 0.096 (0.043) | 0.094 (0.044) |
Industrial source | 0.209 (0.090) | 0.210 (0.091) | 0.305 (0.118) | 0.312 (0.124) | 0.335 (0.131) | 0.386 (0.153) | 0.375 (0.159) | 0.435 (0.191) |