Table 1 Characteristics of the study population according to abnormal apolipoprotein profiles

Men (n = 3481)

≥ 1.16 (n = 549)

<  1.16 (n = 2932)

P

<  0.86 (n = 510)

≥ 0.86 (n = 2971)

P

≥ 1.15 (n = 520)

<  1.15 (n = 2961)

P

Age, year

53.56 (44.81, 60.96)

50.96 (39.09, 61.66)

<  0.001

46.20 (36.04, 58.87)

52.01 (40.74, 61.87)

<  0.001

51.42 (41.31, 61.67)

51.27 (39.68, 61.51)

0.183

Han nationality, %

88.2

89.3

0.421

95.5

88.1

<  0.001

92.1

88.6

0.018

Rural area, %

62.3

71.6

<  0.001

62.5

71.4

<  0.001

59.8

71.9

<  0.001

Education < high school, %

66.5

72.7

0.003

65.5

72.8

0.001

67.3

72.5

0.016

Smoking, %

54.1

54.6

0.816

51.6

55.1

0.143

56.2

54.3

0.427

Drink frequency ≥ 3/week, %

32.2

24.6

<  0.001

18.8

27.0

<  0.001

25.0

25.9

0.652

Body mass index, kg/m²

24.6 (22.5, 26.7)

22.8 (20.6, 25.2)

<  0.001

24.5 (21.8, 26.6)

22.9 (20.7, 25.2)

<  0.001

25.0 (23.0, 27.2)

22.7 (20.6, 25.1)

<  0.001

Waist-to-hip ratio

0.91 (0.87, 0.95)

0.88 (0.84, 0.93)

<  0.001

0.90 (0.85, 0.94)

0.89 (0.84, 0.93)

0.002

0.91 (0.87, 0.95)

0.88 (0.84, 0.93)

<  0.001

MET-hours/week

81.9 (23.8, 171.8)

102.2 (26.3, 210.5)

0.008

90.9 (22.5, 206.1)

99.4 (26.6, 207.0)

0.459

81.3 (22.1, 166.9)

102.5 (26.6, 212.0)

0.001

Energy intake, kcal/day

2234.7 (1780.42720.3)

2281.2 (1880.32716.1)

0.138

2293.5 (1886.52665..4)

2273.3 (1863.82723.3)

0.560

2252.3 (1808.12686.1)

2277.5 (1875.6, 2721.3)

0.155

Fat, %

32.3 (25.2, 39.0)

29.9 (23.1, 37.2)

<  0.001

30.8 (23.2, 38.7)

30.2 (23.4, 37.5)

0.550

31.6 (25.0, 38.6)

30.0 (23.1, 37.3)

0.003

Protein, %

12.5 (10.8, 14.5)

12.0 (10.5, 13.9)

0.001

12.5 (10.8, 14.3)

12.0 (10.5, 14.0)

0.001

12.6 (10.9, 14.5)

12.0 (10.5, 13.9)

<  0.001

HOMA-IR

2.86 (1.87, 4.41)

2.27 (1.52, 3.43)

<  0.001

2.72 (1.79, 4.62)

2.29 (1.54, 3.45)

<  0.001

3.07 (1.96, 5.11)

2.26 (1.52, 3.37)

<  0.001

Hs-CRP, mg/L

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

1.0 (0.0, 2.0)

<  0.001

1.0 (1.0, 2.0)

1.0 (1.0, 2.0)

0.004

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

1.0 (0.0, 2.0)

<  0.001

Serum ferritin, μg/L

150.9 (93.3, 267.9)

113.4 (70.8, 190.3)

<  0.001

137.8 (76.3, 258.3)

116.8 (73.1, 193.4)

<  0.001

157.5 (96.5, 323.1)

113.1 (71.0, 187.1)

<  0.001

Transferrin, g/L

2.85 (2.54, 3.23)

2.74 (2.45, 3.07)

<  0.001

2.73 (2.44, 3.10)

2.76 (2.46, 3.10)

0.534

2.85 (2.54, 3.20)

2.74 (2.45, 3.07)

<  0.001

sTfR, mg/L

1.31 (1.08, 1.60)

1.27 (1.05, 1.55)

0.092

1.27 (1.01, 1.53)

1.28 (1.06, 1.56)

0.054

1.30 (1.03, 1.58)

1.27 (1.06, 1.55)

0.991

Hemoglobin, g/L

156.0 (147.0, 165.0)

151.0 (142.0, 161.0)

<  0.001

153.0 (143.0, 163.0)

152.0 (142.0, 162.0)

0.038

155.0 (146.3, 165.0)

152.0 (142.0, 162.0)

<  0.001

Women (n = 4059)

≥ 1.19 (n = 610)

<  1.19 (n = 3499)

P

<  0.91 (n = 573)

≥ 0.91 (n = 3486)

P

≥ 1.08 (n = 604)

<  1.08 (n = 3455)

P

Age, year

58.96 (52.09, 67.15)

48.19 (39.0, 59.32)

<  0.001

47.57 (38.35, 59.68)

51.51 (40.88, 61.28)

<  0.001

57.10 (49.0, 66.27)

49.10 (39.16, 59.84)

<  0.001

Han nationality, %

88.5

88.9

0.805

93.4

88.1

<  0.001

91.2

88.4

0.042

Rural area, %

63.0

70.0

0.001

66.8

69.2

0.249

60.9

70.3

<  0.001

Education < high school, %

84.9

79.5

0.002

80.3

80.3

0.994

84.3

79.6

0.008

Smoking, %

5.1

3.4

0.04

4.5

3.5

0.219

6.5

3.2

<  0.001

Drink frequency ≥ 3/week, %

2.1

1.9

0.683

2.1

1.9

0.745

2.2

1.9

0.654

Body mass index, kg/m²

24.4 (22.2, 26.8)

22.8 (20.7, 25.2)

<  0.001

24.2 (21.8, 26.5)

22.9 (20.8, 25.3)

<  0.001

24.6 (22.4, 27.2)

22.8 (20.7, 25.2)

<  0.001

Waist-to-hip ratio

0.88 (0.84, 0.92)

0.85 (0.80, 0.90)

<  0.001

0.86 (0.81, 0.91)

0.86 (0.81, 0.90)

0.159

0.88 (0.84, 0.92)

0.85 (0.81, 0.90)

<  0.001

MET-hours/week

65.6 (38.0, 127.2)

89.2 (47.0, 174.9)

<  0.001

84.8 (47.6, 167.1)

85.0 (44.9, 168.3)

0.519

67.7 (38.5, 129.0)

88.9 (47.0, 174.4)

<  0.001

Energy intake, kcal/day

1861.4 (1498.12240.4)

1928.6 (1573.32293.4)

0.011

1995.8 (1595.7, 2332.0)

1899.0 (1553.22272.9)

0.004

1850.4 (1530.82242.2)

1928.6 (1567.82289.9)

0.155

Fat, %

32.8 (25.3, 39.6)

31.1 (24.0, 38.2)

0.003

31.3 (23.5, 38.0)

31.4 (24.2, 38.7)

0.466

32.0 (24.7, 39.2)

31.2 (24.1, 38.4)

0.131

Protein, %

12.5 (10.7, 14.4)

12.2 (10.5, 14.2)

0.042

12.2 (10.6, 14.2)

12.2 (10.5, 14.2)

0.822

12.4 (10.6, 14.4)

12.2 (10.5, 14.2)

0.251

HOMA-IR

3.04 (2.01, 4.76)

2.25 (1.59, 3.36)

<  0.001

2.53 (1.67, 3.90)

2.33 (1.64, 3.50)

0.083

2.99 (1.94, 4.58)

2.26 (1.60, 3.38)

<  0.001

Hs-CRP, mg/L

2.0 (1.0, 4.0)

1.0 (0.0, 2.0)

<  0.001

1.0 (1.0, 2.0)

1.0 (0.0, 2.0)

0.002

2.0 (1.0, 4.0)

1.0 (0.0, 2.0)

<  0.001

Serum ferritin, μg/L

82.05 (47.05, 140.52)

45.91 (21.78, 83.90)

<  0.001

44.95 (22.14, 88.76)

51.3 (24.1, 91.90)

0.129

72.17 (39.39, 125.29)

47.01 (22.32, 86.71)

<  0.001

Transferrin, g/L

2.93 (2.59, 3.28)

2.87 (2.57, 3.25)

0.169

2.84 (2.57, 3.23)

2.89 (2.57, 3.26)

0.447

2.88 (2.59, 3.24)

2.88 (2.57, 3.26)

0.626

sTfR, mg/L

1.42 (1.19, 1.72)

1.39 (1.14, 1.73)

0.324

1.35 (1.08, 1.73)

1.40 (1.16, 1.73)

0.020

1.38 (1.10, 1.68)

1.40 (1.15, 1.74)

0.082

Hemoglobin, g/L

135.0 (126.8, 143.0)

131.0 (122.0, 140.0)

< 0.001

131.0 (121.0, 140.0)

132.0 (123.0, 140.0)

0.103

135.0 (126.0, 143.0)

131.0 (123.0, 140.0)

< 0.001