Table 1 Baseline characteristics and GBP status at the end of follow-up by quintiles of non-HDL-c/HDL-c ratio

Non-HDL-c/HDL-c ratio

0.85–2.03

2.03–2.43

2.43–2.80

2.80–3.26

3.26–8.79

Sample size

371

368

376

374

377

Age (yr), mean (SD)

50.47 (15.23)

48.06 (13.60)

49.02 (13.26)

49.01 (13.27)

47.74 (12.48)

BMI (kg/m²), mean (SD)

23.21 (3.04)

24.13 (2.75)

24.73 (2.82)

25.21 (2.84)

25.54 (2.63)

ALT (U/L), mean (SD)

23.77 (13.60)

29.91 (18.33)

36.30 (66.72)

34.67 (26.17)

38.75 (30.34)

AST (U/L), mean (SD)

22.97 (7.49)

25.50 (12.87)

26.72 (20.13)

26.28 (11.57)

28.28 (31.71)

GGT (U/L), mean (SD)

29.91 (22.58)

39.66 (44.79)

42.53 (46.60)

45.48 (42.46)

43.97 (36.17)

ALP (U/L), mean (SD)

76.13 (18.69)

75.01 (18.20)

75.96 (19.65)

77.02 (18.69)

76.66 (19.26)

TG (mmol/l), mean (SD)

1.08 (0.58)

1.50 (0.89)

1.79 (1.10)

2.08 (1.20)

2.87 (2.76)

LDL-c (mmol/l), mean (SD)

2.15 (0.49)

2.49 (0.52)

2.72 (0.56)

2.96 (0.58)

3.17 (0.79)

TC (mmol/l), mean (SD)

4.34 (0.64)

4.63 (0.68)

4.85 (0.66)

5.12 (0.69)

5.55 (0.92)

HDL-c (mmol/l), mean (SD)

1.63 (0.27)

1.43 (0.21)

1.35 (0.18)

1.28 (0.17)

1.17 (0.17)

Non-HDL-c (mmol/l), mean (SD)

2.71 (0.47)

3.19 (0.48)

3.50 (0.48)

3.84 (0.52)

4.38 (0.80)

UA (μmol/L), mean (SD)

363.45 (65.84)

373.55 (74.59)

380.48 (73.29)

391.24 (70.08)

399.19 (74.44)

FPG (mmol/l), mean (SD)

5.13 (0.96)

5.22 (1.05)

5.33 (1.19)

5.38 (1.50)

5.55 (1.45)

HBsAg, n (%)

42 (11.32)

29 (7.88)

32 (8.51)

28 (7.49)

25 (6.63)

Hypertension, n (%)

89 (23.99)

67 (18.21)

88 (23.40)

95 (25.40)

91 (24.14)

TGW, n (%)

0 (0.00)

1 (0.27)

0 (0.00)

2 (0.53)

2 (0.53)

Smoking, n (%)

27 (7.30)

27 (7.36)

29 (7.75)

35 (9.43)

41 (10.93)

Drinking, n (%)

12 (3.24)

18 (4.90)

16 (4.28)

17 (4.58)

10 (2.67)

GBPs, n (%)

13 (3.50)

32 (8.70)

24 (6.38)

35 (9.36)

33 (8.75)