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Table 5 Comparison of clinical parameters in the RO, AO, and C groups at the beginning of the study and the end of study (EOS)

From: Comparison of the effect of rapeseed oil or amaranth seed oil supplementation on weight loss, body composition, and changes in the metabolic profile of obese patients following 3-week body mass reduction program: a randomized clinical trial

Variable

RO group (n = 26)

AO group (n = 26)

C group (n = 29)

P

Before

After

Δ

P

Before

After

Δ

P

Before

After

Δ

P

Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL

105.0 (98.0–119.0)

103.5 (97.0–111.0)

−1.5

0.092d

110.5 (95.0–131.0)

102.0 (94.0–110.0)

−8.5

0.034d

104.0 (98.0–114.0)

104.5 (96.0–111.0)

+ 0.5

0.410d

0.130b

Fasting insulin, μU/L

18.5 (11.3–29.3)

12.6 (9.7–28.3)

−5.9

0.001d

22.6 (13.2–27.5)

16.9 (9.9–22.6)

− 5.7

0.005d

15.5 (13.0–22.2)

16.8 (12.4–26.1)

+ 1.3

0.481d

0.421 b

HOMA-IR

4.8 (2.9–7.5)

3.7 (2.4–6.9)

−1.1

0.002d

6.1 (3.2–8.9)

5.6 (2.6–6.6)

−0.5

0.031d

4.0 (3.3–5.3)

4.4 (3.1–6.6)

+ 0.4

0.132d

0.000b

TC, mg/dL

196.6 ± 39.5

192.5 ± 32.4

−4.1

0.491c

193.8 ± 37.0

179.2 ± 32.7

−14.6

0.032c

192.5 ± 47.8

179.9 ± 38.1

−12.6

0.261c

0.641a

HDL, mg/dL

48.0 (41.0–66.0)

51.0 (43.0–61.0)

+ 3.0

0.372d

42.5 (37.0–48.0)

44.5 (38.0–51.0)

+ 2.0

0.152d

49.0 (42.0–57.0)

48.0 (44.0–54.0)

−1.0

0.142d

0.342b

HDL, %

29.2 (19.0–33.)

30.6 (21.0–33.2)

+ 1.4

0.051d

21.1 (18.0–29.6)

24.7 (20.8–31.4)

+ 3.6

0.005d

26.0 (22.0–32.0)

28.0 (24.0–36.0)

+ 2.0

0.443d

0.341b

non-HDL, mg/dL

143.5 ± 39.8

137.8 ± 33.6

−5.7

0.263c

149.6 ± 39.7

133.7 ± 34.1

−15.9

0.010c

149.1 ± 43.9

128.6 ± 36.9

−20.5

0.061c

0.371a

TG/HDL ratio

2.3 (1.4–4.0)

2.2 (1.5–3.2)

−0.1

0.550d

3.7 (2.4–5.4)

3.1 (1.9–4.7)

−0.6

0.031d

2.9 (2.0–5.6)

2.5 (1.6–3.1)

−0.4

0.173d

0.761b

LDL, mg/dL

121.5 ± 33.9

110.4 ± 35.1

−11.1

0.131c

117.6 ± 35.1

105.3 ± 30.2

−12.3

0.042c

108.0 ± 36.6

100.9 ± 33.5

−7.1

0.441c

0.821a

TG, mg/dL

97.0 (79.0–177.0)

120.0 (93.0–155.0)

−23.0

0.662d

143.0 (103.0–204.0)

136.5 (94.0–170.0)

−6.5

0.000d

142.0 (104.0–196.0)

133.0 (95.0–148.0)

−9.0

0.090d

0.600b

  1. Normally distributed data are represented by mean ± SD and skewed data by the median (interquartile range). P < 0.05 is considered significant (highlighted by bold)
  2. aone-way AOVA, bKruskal-Wallis test, ct- Student’s test, dWilcoxon test,
  3. Abbreviations: EOS end of study, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides
  4. SI conversion factors: to convert TC, HDL, and LDL to mmol/L, multiply by 0.02586; TG to mmol/L, by 0.0114; glucose to mmol/L, by 0.05551