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Table 3 Characteristics of participants in the carotid plaque-free group and plaque group

From: Association between carotid intima media thickness and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in acute ischaemic stroke

Variable

No Plaque

(n = 65)

Stable Plaque

(n = 199)

Unstable Plaque

(n = 104)

P value

Age (years)*

59.86 ± 13.14

65.23 ± 9.86

62.75 ± 13.41

0.009

Male/Female sex

42 (64.62)/23 (35.38)

123 (61.81)/76 (38.19)

51 (49.04)/53 (50.96)

0.057

BMI (kg/m2)*

23.78 ± 3.20

23.47 ± 2.71

23.54 ± 2.74

0.741

IMT (mm)*

1.07 ± 0.10

1.06 ± 0.09

1.18 ± 0.10

<  0.0001

Hypertension

48 (73.84)

142 (71.36)

76 (73.08)

0.906

Diabetes

14 (24.54)

55 (27.64)

28 (26.92)

0.617

Smoker

20 (30.77)

64 (32.16)

25 (24.04)

0.331

Drinker

13 (20.00)

56 (28.14)

26 (25.00)

0.417

Glucose (mmol/L)*

6.54 ± 2.08

6.73 ± 2.48

6.79 ± 1.97

0.210

TC (mmol/L)*

3.49 ± 0.71

3.82 ± 0.92

4.12 ± 0.93

<  0.0001

TG (mmol/L)*

1.35 ± 0.76

1.44 ± 1.33

1.43 ± 0.65

0.050

LDL-C (mmol/L)*

1.89 ± 0.48

2.19 ± 0.63

2.44 ± 0.70

<  0.0001

sdLDL-C (mg/dl)*

14.78 ± 10.64

21.30 ± 18.15

36.50 ± 23.56

< 0.0001

HDL-C (mg/dl)*

40.52 ± 12.95

43.16 ± 13.07

40.39 ± 11.63

0.234

Non-HDL-C (mmol/L)*

28.07 ± 37.70

23.37 ± 15.18

23.79 ± 11.36

0.338

Statin therapy

1 (1.54)

12 (6.03)

2 (1.92)

0.120

  1. Continuous variables are shown as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) marked with an asterisk (*). Categorical variables are shown as numbers combined with percentage (%)
  2. Chi-square test for discrete values and Kruskal-Wallis H test for continuous values