Table 2 GRADE evidence profile. High-intensity statin compared with a standard statin for acute coronary syndrome patients. Patient or population: 26,497 with acute coronary syndrome. Settings: worldwide. Intervention: High-intensity statin. Comparison: Standard statin
Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risksa (95% CI) | Relative effect | Prediction interval | Estimated probability for RR ≥ 1 | No of Participants (studies) | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Impression | Reporting bias | Comments | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | (95% CI) | |||||||||||
Standard statin | High-intensity statin | ||||||||||||
MACE | Low risk population | 0.77 | (0.555, 1.069) | 5.50% | 26,497 | All the studies were RCTS, but some studies were open-labled. | The heterogeneity is relatively low Ic = 40%, Tauc = 0.02 | All the studies compared statins with each other, not indirectly | Not seriousb | No | ⊕ ⊕ ⊕⊝ | ||
104 per 1000 | 84 per 1000 | (0.68 to 0.86) | (16) | moderate | |||||||||
(22 to 617) | |||||||||||||
MI | Medium risk population | 0.73 | (0.460, 1.158) | 7.90% | 13,059 | All the studies were RCTs. No assessment of publication bias made for this outcome. But some studies were open-labled | The heterogeneity is relatively low Ic = 30%, Tauc = 0.03 | All the studies compared statins with each other, not indirectly | Not seriousb | All the included studies had positive results, which may have publication bias | Downgraded by 1 level. | ⊕ ⊕ ⊝ ⊝ | |
69 per 1000 | 56 per 1000 | (0.59 to 0.90) | (10) | See footnotes. | low | ||||||||
(10 to 71) | |||||||||||||
Total death | Medium risk population | 0.81 | (0.552, 1.188) | 10.80% | 9784 | All the studies were RCTS, but some studies were open-labled | The heterogeneity is relatively low Ic = 9%, Tauc = 0.01 | All the studies compared statins with each other, not indirectly | Not seriousc | No | Downgraded by 1 level. | ⊕ ⊕ ⊝ ⊝ | |
48 per 1000 | 39 per 1000 | (0.65 to 1.00) | (6) | See footnotes. | low | ||||||||
(21 to 225) | |||||||||||||
Stroke | Medium risk population | 0.8 | (0.385, 1.663) | 20.20% | 9878 | All the studies were RCTS. But some studies were open-labled | The heterogeneity is relatively low Ic = 18%, Tauc = 0.02 | All the studies compared statins with each other, not indirectly | Not seriousc | No | Downgraded by 1 level. | ⊕ ⊕ ⊝ ⊝ | |
17 per 1000 | 14 per 1000 | (0.56 to 1.14) | (4) | Only 4 studies with event data. Downgraded for imprecision. | See footnotes. | low | |||||||
(10 to 34) | |||||||||||||
Cardiovascular death | Medium risk population | 0.76 | (0.545, 1.060) | 4.20% | 8878 | All the studies were RCTS. But some studies were open-labled | The heterogeneity is relatively low Ic = 0%, Tauc = 0.00 | All the studies compared statins with each other, not indirectly | Not seriousb | All the included studies had positive results, which may have publication bias | Downgraded by 1 level. | ⊕ ⊕ ⊝ ⊝ | |
(0.69 to 0.83) | -(5) | Only 5 studies with event data. Downgraded for imprecision. | low | ||||||||||