Variables | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TOTAL | Yesa | Nob | P-value* | ||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
Total | 13,518 | 100.0 | 3140 | 23.2 | 10,378 | 76.8 | |
Age-adjusted sitting time (hr)c | <.0001 | ||||||
Q1 (lower < 25%) | 2802 | 26.1 | 566 | 20.2 | 2236 | 79.8 | |
Q2 | 2816 | 26.3 | 629 | 22.3 | 2187 | 77.7 | |
Q3 | 3519 | 32.8 | 798 | 22.7 | 2721 | 77.3 | |
Q4 (upper > 75%) | 4381 | 40.9 | 1147 | 26.2 | 3234 | 73.8 | |
Sex | <.0001 | ||||||
Male | 5715 | 53.3 | 1539 | 26.9 | 4176 | 73.1 | |
Female | 7803 | 72.8 | 1601 | 20.5 | 6202 | 79.5 | |
Age | <.0001 | ||||||
20–29 | 1609 | 15.0 | 308 | 19.1 | 1301 | 80.9 | |
30–39 | 2167 | 20.2 | 545 | 25.1 | 1622 | 74.9 | |
40–49 | 2558 | 23.9 | 615 | 24.0 | 1943 | 76.0 | |
50–59 | 2551 | 23.8 | 633 | 24.8 | 1918 | 75.2 | |
60–69 | 2416 | 22.5 | 597 | 24.7 | 1819 | 75.3 | |
≥ 70 | 2217 | 20.7 | 442 | 19.9 | 1775 | 80.1 | |
Marital status | 0.0443 | ||||||
Married and living together | 9499 | 88.6 | 2177 | 22.9 | 7322 | 77.1 | |
Living apart, divorced, or deceased | 1781 | 16.6 | 455 | 25.5 | 1326 | 74.5 | |
Unmarried | 2238 | 20.9 | 508 | 22.7 | 1730 | 77.3 | |
Educational attainment | <.0001 | ||||||
≤ Highschool | 8350 | 77.9 | 2048 | 24.5 | 6302 | 75.5 | |
≥ College | 5168 | 48.2 | 1092 | 21.1 | 4076 | 78.9 | |
Occupationd | 0.0099 | ||||||
White-color | 3429 | 32.0 | 750 | 21.9 | 2679 | 78.1 | |
Blue-color | 3106 | 29.0 | 764 | 24.6 | 2342 | 75.4 | |
Pink-color | 1716 | 16.0 | 432 | 25.2 | 1284 | 74.8 | |
Unemployed | 5267 | 49.2 | 1194 | 22.7 | 4073 | 77.3 | |
Household income | <.0001 | ||||||
Low | 2472 | 23.1 | 612 | 24.8 | 1860 | 75.2 | |
Mid-low | 3290 | 30.7 | 803 | 24.4 | 2487 | 75.6 | |
Mid-high | 3739 | 34.9 | 896 | 24.0 | 2843 | 76.0 | |
High | 4017 | 37.5 | 829 | 20.6 | 3188 | 79.4 | |
Sleeping time (hr) | <.0001 | ||||||
< 7 | 5010 | 46.8 | 1256 | 25.1 | 3754 | 74.9 | |
≥ 7 | 8508 | 79.4 | 1884 | 22.1 | 6624 | 77.9 | |
Energy intake (kcal)e | 0.9991 | ||||||
Quintile 1 (lower < 20%) | 2703 | 25.2 | 623 | 23.0 | 2080 | 77.0 | |
Quintile 2 | 2704 | 25.2 | 627 | 23.2 | 2077 | 76.8 | |
Quintile 3 | 2703 | 25.2 | 628 | 23.2 | 2075 | 76.8 | |
Quintile 4 | 2705 | 25.2 | 631 | 23.3 | 2074 | 76.7 | |
Quintile 5 (upper > 80%) | 2703 | 25.2 | 631 | 23.3 | 2072 | 76.7 | |
Physical activeness | 0.0017 | ||||||
Active | 5913 | 55.2 | 1297 | 21.9 | 4616 | 78.1 | |
Inactive | 7605 | 71.0 | 1843 | 24.2 | 5762 | 75.8 | |
Pack years of smoking | <.0001 | ||||||
≥ 5 packs | 4884 | 45.6 | 1265 | 25.9 | 3619 | 74.1 | |
< 5 packs | 275 | 2.6 | 65 | 23.6 | 210 | 76.4 | |
Never | 8359 | 78.0 | 1810 | 21.7 | 6549 | 78.3 | |
Current drinking status | 0.0019 | ||||||
2–4 times / week | 2973 | 27.7 | 647 | 21.8 | 2326 | 78.2 | |
2–4 times / month | 3047 | 28.4 | 665 | 21.8 | 2382 | 78.2 | |
Never or occasionally | 7498 | 70.0 | 1828 | 24.4 | 5670 | 75.6 | |
Obesity status defined by BMIf | <.0001 | ||||||
Obese (≥25 kg/m2) | 6765 | 63.1 | 2963 | 43.8 | 3802 | 56.2 | |
Normal or borderline (< 25 kg/m2) | 6753 | 63.0 | 177 | 2.6 | 6576 | 97.4 | |
Hypertension | <.0001 | ||||||
Hypertension | 4298 | 40.1 | 1454 | 33.8 | 2844 | 66.2 | |
Prehypertension | 3260 | 30.4 | 867 | 26.6 | 2393 | 73.4 | |
Normal | 5960 | 55.6 | 819 | 13.7 | 5141 | 86.3 | |
Diabetes | <.0001 | ||||||
Diabetes | 1673 | 15.6 | 843 | 50.4 | 830 | 49.6 | |
Impaired fasting glucose | 3253 | 30.4 | 982 | 30.2 | 2271 | 69.8 | |
Normal | 8592 | 80.2 | 1315 | 15.3 | 7277 | 84.7 | |
Year | 0.0293 | ||||||
2016 | 4347 | 40.6 | 1065 | 24.5 | 3282 | 75.5 | |
2017 | 4511 | 42.1 | 998 | 22.1 | 3513 | 77.9 | |
2018 | 4660 | 43.5 | 1077 | 23.1 | 3583 | 76.9 |