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Table 4 Plasma levels of risk indicators of cardiovascular disease during the study period a

From: Effect of intermittent versus continuous calorie restriction on body weight and cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects with overweight or obesity and mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized trial

Outcome

Groups

P-value b,c

CCR (n = 44)

ICR (n = 44)

TG (mg/dL)

 Baseline

165.0 (126)

180.5 (115)

 

 8-week

162 (85) d*

133 (92) **

0.44

 Change e

16.0 (113)

23.5 (103)

0.49

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

 Baseline

190.1 ± 38.1

178.6 ± 30.3

 

 8-week

175.7 ± 37.4 *

174.1 ± 30.9

0.57

 Change

14.4 ± 37.1

4.56 ± 33.8

0.19

LDL-C (mg/dL)

 Baseline

107.7 ± 29.0

98.4 ± 28.5

 

 8-week

102.9 ± 29.4

103.4 ± 26.1

0.31

 Change

4.8 ± 26.2

−5.1 ± 29.1

0.09

HDL-C (mg/dL)

 Baseline

42.1 ± 10.6

39.1 ± 7.7

 

 8-week

39.7 ± 9.3*

39.4 ± 6.7

0.28

 Change

2.4 ± 7.0

−0.3 ± 7.2

0.08

Total: HDL-C

 Baseline

4.7 ± 1.2

4.9 ± 1.4

 

 8-week

4.6 ± 1.1

4.5 ± 1.0

0.73

 Change

0.1 ± 1.0

0.3 ± 1.5

0.67

TG:HDL-C

 Baseline

5.2 ± 3.0

5.9 ± 4.4

 

 8-week

4.5 ± 2.4

4.2 ± 2.2 *

0.31

 Change

0.7 ± 3.1

1.7 ± 4.3

0.42

non-HDL -C

 Baseline

148.0 ± 36.7

139.5 ± 31.4

 

 8-week

135.9 ± 34.7 *

134.7 ± 30.6

0.69

 Change

12.0 ± 35.4

4.8 ± 34.3

0.33

FBS (mg/dL)

 Baseline

89.5 (16)

88.0 (26)

 

 8-week

91.0 (24)

88.0 (15)

0.26

 Change

−1.0 (18)

0.0 (21)

0.04

Insulin (μIU/mL)

 Baseline

22.0 ± 9.7

18.2 ± 8.1

 

 8-week

21.3 ± 11.2

16.01 ± 5.5 *

0.17

 Change

0.8 ± 6.5

2.1 ± 6.9

0.34

HOMA-IR

 Baseline

3.7 (3)

3.5 (3)

 

 8-week

4.3 (3)

3.5 (2) *

0.03

 Change

0.0 (1)

0.3 (1)

0.03

Adiponectin (μg/mL)

 Baseline

8.6 ± 3.0

8.1 ± 3.0

 

 8-week

8.6 ± 2.9

7.9 ± 3.0

0.30

 Change

−0.1 ± 2.3

0.3 ± 2.4

0.50

ALT (IU/L)

 Baseline

28.2 ± 19.4

20.5 ± 10.9

 

 8-week

26.7 ± 16.4

19.3 ± 8.2

0.12

 Change

1.4 ± 20.6

1.1 ± 11.1

0.82

AST (IU/L)

 Baseline

23.3 ± 11.0

19.0 ± 5.5

 

 8-week

23.0 ± 9.7

19.0 ± 5.1

0.15

 Change

0.3 ± 11.8

0.0 ± 5.8

0.96

  1. aValues are mean ± SD or median (interquartile range)
  2. bThe 8-week values were analyzed using ANCOVA and including baseline values of each variable as a covariate in the model
  3. cChange from baseline values were assessed with independent t-tests or non-parametric Manne Whitney U-test
  4. dDifferences between baseline and post-intervention data were analyzed by the paired t-test. Significantly different from baseline: * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01
  5. eChange expressed as the difference between baseline minus week-8 values
  6. Abbreviations: ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, CCR Continuous calorie restriction diet, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [calculated as insulin × glucose/405], ICR Intermittent calorie restriction diet, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides