Bidirectional association between serum carcinoembryonic antigen and metabolic syndrome among the Chinese male population: two cohort studies

Table 7 The hazard ratio (95% CI) of smoking among different MetS statuses in subcohort B

Characteristics	No. of patients with Hyper-CEA	Event rate %	β	Hazard ratio for Hyper-CEA^a	P
MetS (n = 2434)
Smoking	75	7.56	0.165	1.18 (0.86, 1.62)	0.31
Nonsmoking	110	7.63		1
Non-MetS (n = 6052)
Smoking	205	9.07	0.563	1.76 (1.43, 2.15)	< 0.001
Nonsmoking	204	5.38		1

^a The hazard ratio was adjusted for age, alanine aminotransferase, serum creatinine and white blood cell count. CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen; Hyper-CEA Elevated serum CEA level above the reference range; MetS Metabolic syndrome; Non-MetS Without metabolic syndrome

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