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Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of the Cohort Per Quintiles of the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio

From: A U-shaped association between the LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio and all-cause mortality in elderly hypertensive patients: a prospective cohort study

Characteristics*

Quintiles of the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio

P value

Q1 (< 1.16)

Q2 (1.16–1.67)

Q3 (1.67–2.10)

Q4 (2.10–2.79)

Q5 (≥2.79)

N

1387

1389

1389

1387

1389

 

Demographics

 Age, years

71.75 ± 5.51

71.67 ± 5.59

71.10 ± 5.36

70.78 ± 5.06cf

70.69 ± 4.89dg

< 0.001

 Male, %

836 (60.27)

691 (49.75) a

629 (45.28) b

581 (41.89) cf

607 (43.70) d

< 0.001

 BMI, kg/m2

20.85 ± 4.95

21.91 ± 3.26a

22.77 ± 3.07be

23.56 ± 3.25cfh

24.15 ± 3.18dgij

< 0.001

Smoking, %

     

< 0.001

 Never

638 (46.00)

732 (52.74)

778 (56.01)

788 (56.85)

768 (55.33)

 

 Former

263 (18.96)

258 (18.59)

283 (20.37)

260 (18.76)

259 (18.66)

 

 Current

486 (35.04)

398 (28.67) a

328 (23.61) b

338 (24.39) c

361 (26.01) d

 

 Alcohol consumption, %

473 (34.10)

297 (21.40) a

241 (17.35) b

222 (16.02) cf

199 (14.34) dg

< 0.001

History of disease, %

 Stroke

74 (5.34)

78 (5.62)

90 (6.48)

90 (6.49)

130 (9.36) d

0.001

 CVD

75 (5.41)

95 (6.84)

86 (6.19)

89 (6.42)

89 (6.41)

0.620

 Diabetes

158 (11.39)

180 (12.96)

206 (14.83)

274 (19.75) cf

354 (25.49) dgi

< 0.001

Blood pressure

 Systolic BP, mmHg

149.30 ± 18.83

149.53 ± 18.69

150.66 ± 17.87

150.47 ± 18.18

150.33 ± 18.47

0.199

 Diastolic BP, mmHg

84.88 ± 10.86

85.22 ± 10.71

85.77 ± 10.22

85.32 ± 10.07

86.04 ± 10.07

0.030

Lipids

 TC, mmol/L

4.68 ± 0.95

4.95 ± 0.97 a

5.15 ± 1.03 be

5.37 ± 1.07 cfh

5.68 ± 1.19 dgij

< 0.001

 TG, mmol/L

0.98 ± 0.44

1.24 ± 0.61 a

1.47 ± 0.72 be

1.89 ± 1.03 cfh

2.37 ± 1.34 dgij

< 0.001

 LDL-C, mmol/L

2.21 ± 0.53

2.68 ± 0.55 a

2.98 ± 0.62 be

3.24 ± 0.67 cfh

3.64 ± 0.78 dgij

< 0.001

 HDL-C, mmol/L

2.03 ± 0.46

1.74 ± 0.36 a

1.59 ± 0.33 be

1.45 ± 0.30 cfh

1.27 ± 0.27 dgij

< 0.001

 LDL-C/HDL-C ratio

1.10 ± 0.20

1.54 ± 0.10 a

1.88 ± 0.10 be

2.24 ± 0.11 cfh

2.89 ± 0.41 dgij

< 0.001

Other plasma parameters

 Hcy, μmol/L

19.10 ± 11.19

19.32 ± 11.28

18.91 ± 11.10

19.18 ± 11.94

19.72 ± 12.54

0.439

 FBG, mmol/L

5.90 ± 1.23

6.00 ± 1.35

6.06 ± 1.64

6.19 ± 1.46 cf

6.43 ± 1.81 dgij

< 0.001

 Albumin, g/L

45.57 ± 4.27

45.83 ± 4.06

45.90 ± 3.98

46.18 ± 3.89 c

45.98 ± 3.96

0.002

 SUA, μmol/L

413.30 ± 123.79

411.09 ± 114.47

415.57 ± 118.22

429.92 ± 122.14 cf

450.71 ± 120.26 dgij

< 0.001

 eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2

81.52 ± 19.56

81.51 ± 18.15

81.46 ± 19.33

80.44 ± 19.26

78.26 ± 20.21 dgi

< 0.001

Medication use, %

 Antihypertensive drugs

874 (63.01)

897 (64.63)

959 (69.04)

948 (68.40)

983 (70.82) d

< 0.001

 Antiplatelet drugs

34 (2.45)

33 (2.38)

38 (2.74)

43 (3.10)

39 (2.81)

0.773

 Glucose-lowering drugs

34 (2.45)

47 (3.38)

56 (4.03)

85 (6.13) c

100 (7.20) dg

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index; CVD cardiovascular disease; TC total cholesterol; TG triglyceride; LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol; SUA serum uric acid; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate; Hcy homocysteine; FBG fasting blood glucose
  2. *Data are presented as number (%) or mean ± standard deviation
  3. a indicates a significant difference between Q2 and Q1, P < 0.001; b indicates a significant difference between Q3 and Q1, P < 0.001; c indicates a significant difference between Q4 and Q1, P < 0.001; d indicates a significant difference between Q5 and Q1, P < 0.001; e indicates a significant difference between Q3 and Q2, P < 0.001; f indicates a significant difference between Q4 and Q2, P < 0.001; g indicates a significant difference between Q5 and Q2, P < 0.001; h indicates a significant difference between Q4 and Q3, P < 0.001; i indicates a significant difference between Q5 and Q3, P < 0.001; j indicates a significant difference between Q5 and Q4, P < 0.001