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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of three different population

From: Inverse association between triglyceride glucose index and muscle mass in Korean adults: 2008–2011 KNHANES

TyG index

2008–2011 KNHANES

T1

T2

T3

Total

p for trend

 

6.45–8.19

8.20–8.71

8.72–11.29

  

Unweighted number

5229

5235

5277

15,741

 

Male sex,n(%)

1520 (29.1)

2193 (41.9)

2933 (55.6)

6641 (42.2)

< 0.001

Age, years

38.3 ± 0.3a

44.3 ± 0.3b

47.7 ± 0.3c

43.4 ± 0.2

< 0.001

Waist circumference, cm

75.2 ± 0.2a

80.2 ± 0.2b

85.5 ± 0.2c

80.3 ± 0.1

< 0.001

Body weight, kg

59.1 ± 0.2a

63.4 ± 0.2b

68.2 ± 0.2c

63.6 ± 0.1

< 0.001

Mean blood pressure, mmHg

85.4 ± 0.2a

90.3 ± 0.3b

94.5 ± 0.3c

90.1 ± 0.2

< 0.001

Leukocyte count (*1000/μL)

5.6 ± 0.0a

6.0 ± 0.0b

6.6 ± 0.0c

6.1 ± 0.0

< 0.001

Glucose, mg/dL

88.0 ± 0.1a

92.2 ± 0.2b

96.9 ± 0.2c

92.3 ± 0.1

< 0.001

Log-transformed Triglyceride, mg/dL

4.0 ± 0.0a

4.6 ± 0.0b

5.3 ± 0.0c

4.7 ± 0.0

< 0.001

Employment status, % (SE)

63.6 (0.9)a

62.9 (1.0)a

68.1 (0.9)c

64.8 (0.6)

< 0.001

Heavy alcohol use, % (SE)

5.2 (0.5)a

7.5 (0.5)b

13.8 (0.7)c

8.8 (0.3)

< 0.001

Current smoker, % (SE)

18.5 (0.8)a

25.3 (0.9)b

38.0 (1.0)c

27.0 (0.6)

< 0.001

Regular exercise, % (SE)

25.5 (0.8)a

25.4 (0.8)a

24.0 (0.8)a

25.0 (0.5)

0.307

Daily calorie intake, kcal/day

1982.3 ± 16.5a

2010.0 ± 17.3a

2125.7 ± 20.1c

2039.3 ± 11.1

< 0.001

Daily protein intake, % of total calorie intake

14.6 ± 0.1a

14.4 ± 0.1a

14.2 ± 0.1b

14.4 ± 0.1

0.001

SMI

Men

1.006 ± 0.004a

0.963 ± 0.004b

0.921 ± 0.003c

0.963 ± 0.002

< 0.001

Women

0.666 ± 0.002a

0.629 ± 0.002b

0.596 ± 0.002c

0.631 ± 0.002

< 0.001

Number of components of metabolic syndrome

    

< 0.001

0

56.3 (0.9)a

30.9 (0.9)b

3.4 (0.4)c

30.6 (0.5)

 

1

33.0 (0.8)a

39.5 (0.9)b

15.4 (0.7)c

29.3 (0.5)

 

2

8.4 (0.5)a

20.0 (0.7)b

29.8 (0.9)c

19.2 (0.4)

 

3

2.0 (0.2)a

8.3 (0.4)b

28.9 (0.9)c

12.9 (0.4)

 

4

0.2 (0.1)a

1.3 (0.2)b

17.8 (0.6)c

6.3 (0.2)

 

5

4.8 (0.3)

1.6 (0.1)

 

Number of chronic diseases, % (SE)

    

< 0.001

0

95.6 (0.4)a

93.1 (0.4)b

92.1 (0.5)b

93.5 (0.3)

 

1

4.0 (0.3)a

6.2 (0.4)b

7.2 (0.4)b

5.8 (0.2)

 

  ≥ 2

0.4 (0.1)a

0.7 (0.1)b

0.7 (0.1)b

0.6 (0.1)

 
  1. Abbreviations: TyG index triglyceride-glucose index, KNHANES Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, SE standard error, BMI body mass index, SMI skeletal muscle mass index
  2. p for trend was derived from weighted generalized linear regression analysis for continuous variables, followed by post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction and weighted chi-square test for linear-by-linear association for categorical variables, followed by post-hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction.
  3. Superscripts (a b c), for a particular variable, indicate significant difference between tertiles (p < 0.0167). Variables with the same superscripts are not significantly different (p > 0.0167). When only one comparison was significant, one of the cell means has no superscript attached.