Inverse association between triglyceride glucose index and muscle mass in Korean adults: 2008–2011 KNHANES

Table 3 Subgroup analysis for relationships between TyG index tertiles and LSMI using multivariate logistic regression analysis

	T1	T2 ORs (95% CIs)	p	T3 ORs (95% CIs)	p	overall p	p for trend
Sex
Men	1 (Ref.)	1. 485 (0.969–2.275)	0.069	2.138 (1.377–3.319)	0.001	0.001	< 0.001
Women	1 (Ref.)	1.415 (1.068–1.874)	0.016	1.620 (1.189–2.207)	0.002	0.010	0.003
Age groups
< 65	1 (Ref.)	1.864 (1.363–2.549)	< 0.001	2.691 (1.947–3.719)	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
≥ 65	1 (Ref.)	1.177 (0.823–1.683)	0.371	1.333 (0.940–1.889)	0.107	0.248	0.095
Regular exercise
Yes	1 (Ref.)	1.628 (0.925–2.866)	0.091	1.862 (1.074–3.229)	0.027	0.087	0.027
No	1 (Ref.)	1.400 (1.068–1.833)	0.015	1.795 (1.352–2.384)	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Weight status
Underweight	1 (Ref.)	1.201 (0.205–7.027)	0.839	0.085 (0.005–1.432)	0.087	0.228	0.132
Normal	1 (Ref.)	1.412 (1.018–1.959)	0.039	1.568 (1.085–2.266)	0.017	0.050	0.021
Overweight	1 (Ref.)	0.990 (0.685–1.430)	0.957	1.060 (0.747–1.505)	0.743	0.835	0.621
Heavy alcoholics
< 30 g/day	1 (Ref.)	1.535 (1.206–1.954)	0.001	1.897 (1.470–2.448)	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
≥ 30 g/day	1 (Ref.)	0.334 (0.088–1.266)	0.107	0.668 (0.180–2.483)	0.547	0.133	0.997
Current smoker
Yes	1 (Ref.)	1.167 (0.624–2.183)	0.629	2.097 (1.096–4.012)	0.025	0.009	0.008
No	1 (Ref.)	1.536 (1.190–1.983)	0.001	1.775 (1.363–2.313)	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Protein intake
> 1.5 g/kg/day	1 (Ref.)	1.133 (0.582–2.202)	0.713	2.160 (1.132–4.121)	0.020	0.008	0.010
≤ 1.5 g/kg/day	1 (Ref.)	1.515 (1.151–1.995)	0.003	1.816 (1.361–2.423)	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

Abbreviations: TyG index triglyceride-glucose index, LSMI low skeletal muscle mass index, ORs odds ratios, CIs confidence intervals

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