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Table 2 Changes in lipid profile after pemafibrate treatment

From: Pemafibrate decreases triglycerides and small, dense LDL, but increases LDL-C depending on baseline triglycerides and LDL-C in type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia: an observational study

Characteristic

Weeks after pemafibrate treatment

Pemafibrate treatment

Week − 8

Week − 4

Week 0

Week 4

Week 8

Week 12

Week 16

Week 20

Week 24

P*

Baselinea

Post-doseb

P**

TG, median (IQR),

mmol/L

            

 Total

3.01 (2.50–4.08)

3.49 (2.60–5.43)

3.60 (2.69–5.44)

2.19 (1.55–2.47)

2.11 (1.47–2.42)

1.99 (1.42–2.87)

2.27 (1.72–2.81)

2.70 (2.01–3.59)

2.08 (1.75–2.69)

< 0.0001

3.30 (2.63–4.76)

2.15 (1.72–2.44)

< 0.0001

 Increased LDL-C group (group I)

3.25 (2.47–6.27)

4.52 (2.63–6.11)

4.03 (2.60–7.24)

2.22 (1.56–2.47)

2.07 (1.40–2.45)

2.00 (1.85–3.07)

2.27 (1.73–3.10)

2.74 (2.04–4.21)

1.90 (1.59–2.83)

< 0.0001

3.71 (2.62–6.69)

2.11 (1.61–2.57)

< 0.0001

 No LDL-C increase group (group NI)

2.90 (2.51–3.77)

3.01 (2.31–4.03)

3.26 (2.77–4.08)

2.10 (1.50–2.54)

2.17 (1.68–2.42)

1.70 (1.26–2.50)

2.22 (1.64–2.69)

2.57 (1.82–3.10)

2.24 (1.82–2.69)

< 0.0001

3.25 (2.64–3.80)

2.20 (1.92–2.42)

< 0.0001

 P***

0.3946

0.0683

0.1178

0.5890

0.6870

0.3952

0.7561

0.5934

0.7648

 

0.1495

0.6241

 

LDL-C, median (IQR),

mmol/L

            

 Total

3.10 (2.61–3.59)

3.00 (2.23–3.47)

3.08 (2.30–3.59)

2.84 (2.33–3.41)

3.15 (2.64–3.72)

2.72 (2.15–3.36)

3.13 (2.59–3.52)

2.72 (1.97–3.65)

2.92 (2.59–3.57)

0.8679

3.10 (2.40–3.59)

3.19 (2.74–3.70)

0.0170

 Increased LDL-C group (group I)

2.66 (2.02–3.21)

2.66 (1.91–3.52)

2.51 (1.71–3.13)

3.21 (2.25–3.49)

3.28 (2.72–4.19)

3.10 (1.91–3.67)

3.00 (2.46–3.75)

3.31 (1.86–3.96)

3.39 (2.87–4.09)

0.0483

2.53 (1.96–3.26)

3.31 (2.77–4.11)

< 0.0001

 No LDL-C increase group (group NI)

3.26 (2.92–3.78)

3.26 (2.82–3.47)

3.52 (2.87–3.75)

2.69 (2.33–2.84)

2.92 (2.64–3.41)

2.59 (2.22–3.05)

3.15 (2.72–3.44)

2.64 (2.28–3.21)

2.74 (2.56–3.10)

0.0157

3.36 (3.05–3.72)

3.03 (2.66–3.44)

0.0022

 P***

0.0024

0.0759

0.0008

0.4414

0.1583

0.4616

0.7042

0.8415

0.0603

 

0.0009

0.2418

 

HDL-C, median (IQR),

mmol/L

            

 Total

1.27 (1.01–1.45)

1.22 (0.98–1.42)

1.22 (1.01–1.42)

1.22 (1.09–1.45)

1.37 (1.16–1.53)

1.42 (1.14–1.55)

1.29 (1.06–1.47)

1.22 (0.98–1.55)

1.27 (1.01–1.55)

0.5147

1.22 (1.03–1.40)

1.32 (1.14–1.53)

< 0.0001

 Increased LDL-C group (group I)

1.16 (0.93–1.37)

1.22 (0.96–1.32)

1.14 (0.85–1.32)

1.14 (1.06–1.27)

1.37 (1.06–1.50)

1.37 (1.22–1.45)

1.22 (0.91–1.50)

1.19 (0.96–1.55)

1.27 (1.03–1.66)

0.2396

1.16 (0.93–1.29)

1.29 (1.09–1.53)

< 0.0001

 No LDL-C increase group (group NI)

1.29 (1.14–1.55)

1.29 (1.03–1.58)

1.32 (1.06–1.50)

1.42 (1.11–1.47)

1.37 (1.16–1.60)

1.45 (0.98–1.71)

1.34 (1.11–1.47)

1.24 (1.09–1.55)

1.29 (1.09–1.53)

0.9936

1.32 (1.06–1.50)

1.34 (1.14–1.55)

0.0258

 P***

0.0465

0.1829

0.0194

0.1589

0.5368

0.9096

0.6165

0.8413

1.0000

 

0.0267

0.5090

 

Non − HDL-C, median

(IQR),

mmol/L

           

 Total

4.71 (4.37–5.15)

4.55 (4.34–5.72)

4.71 (4.27–5.43)

3.52 (3.10–4.37)

4.27 (3.52–4.78)

3.80 (3.10–4.34)

4.14 (3.72–4.45)

4.03 (3.59–4.47)

3.96 (3.62–4.31)

< 0.0001

4.84 (4.32–5.28)

4.14 (3.52–4.58)

< 0.0001

 Increased LDL-C group (group I)

4.73 (4.09–5.46)

4.65 (3.98–6.52)

4.55 (4.01–5.33)

3.85 (3.26–4.76)

4.45 (3.52–4.99)

4.16 (3.28–4.53)

3.98 (3.67–4.55)

3.98 (3.57–4.78)

4.06 (3.72–4.99)

0.1581

4.86 (4.03–5.35)

4.24 (3.41–4.84)

0.0063

 No LDL-C increase group (group NI)

4.71 (4.40–5.04)

4.55 (4.34–5.59)

4.84 (4.40–5.66)

3.34 (2.82–3.70)

4.19 (3.39–4.63)

3.62 (2.84–3.98)

4.22 (3.75–4.42)

4.09 (3.08–4.34)

3.75 (3.52–4.11)

< 0.0001

4.76 (4.45–5.20)

4.06 (3.57–4.50)

< 0.0001

 P***

0.7853

0.9613

0.2362

0.2466

0.2472

0.3356

0.6662

0.8415

0.1653

 

0.6834

0.5220

 
  1. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. aMean value of 3 measurements before pemafibrate; bMean value of 6 measurements after pemafibrate. *, Statistical analysis was done using the Kruskal-Wallis test. **, Statistical analysis was done using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. ***, Statistical analysis between groups I and NI was done using the Mann-Whitney U test. IQR Inter-quartile range, TG Triglycerides, LDL-C Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol