Table 2 Comparison of anthropometric, clinical, and fasting metabolic parameters in participants of each sex in the NAFLD and control groups

Age (Year)

45 ± 14

42 ± 13

44 ± 12

51 ± 10

BMI (kg/m²)

25.57 ± 3.17

23.58 ± 3.04

29.29 ± 3.55^##

28.58 ± 4.14^##

FBG (mmol/L)

5.40 (5.07,5.79)

5.22 (4.93,5.54)

5.79 (5.40,6.47) ^##

5.78 (5.37,6.49) ^##

FINS (mmol/L)

9.40 (6.48,12.34)

8.63 (6.14,11.60)

16.40 (11.17,20.57) ^##

15.33 (11.45,19.34) ^##

HOMA-IR

2.09 (1.56,3.07)

2.07 (1.39,2.76)

4.28 (3.04,5.86) ^##

4.07 (2.97,5.67) ^##

TC (mmol/L)

4.43 ± 0.86

4.71 ± 1.02

4.82 ± 0.99^#

5.21 ± 1.10^#

TG (mmol/L)

0.99 ± 0.30

0.86 ± 0.26

1.57 ± 0.48^##

1.78 ± 0.77^##

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.18 ± 0.26

1.39 ± 0.29

1.06 ± 0.16^##

1.24 ± 0.24^##

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.79 ± 0.60

2.90 ± 0.76

3.14 ± 0.71^##

3.34 ± 0.78^##