Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of NAFLD cases and healthy controls (n = 198)a
|  | Total | Cases n = 98 | Controls n = 100 | P-valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
 Females | 74.8 | 63.3 | 86.0 |  |
 Males | 25.2 | 36.7 | 14.0 | 0.0002 |
Age, years | ||||
 Mean (95% CI) | 60.7 (59.3–62.2) | 59.9 (57.8–62.0) | 61.5 (59.5–63.6) | 0.2768 |
 37–54 | 25.3 | 27.6 | 23.0 |  |
 55–69 | 49.0 | 48.0 | 50.0 |  |
 70–78 | 24.8 | 24.5 | 27.0 | 0.7523 |
Biomeasures, mean (95% CI) | ||||
 AST, IU/L | 33.8 (31.2–36.4) | 42.1 (37.7–46.4) | 25.7 (23.8–27.5) | < 0.0001 |
 ALT, IU/L | 38.0 (34.4–41.6) | 49.8 (43.9–55.8) | 26.5 (24.0–28.9) | < 0.0001 |
 Glucose, mg/dL | 116.5 (110.2–122.8) | 130.5 (119.0–142.0) | 102.8 (98.8–106.7) | < 0.0001 |
 Triglycerides, mg/dL | 173.4 (157.4–189.4) | 197.7 (168.6–226.9) | 149.5 (137.0–162.0) | 0.0031 |
 Cholesterol, mg/dL | 196.5 (190.6–202.4) | 192.4 (184.1–200.6) | 200.5 (191.9–209.1) | 0.1751 |
PNPLA3 Genotype | ||||
 CC | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.0 |  |
 CG | 46.2 | 40.4 | 52.0 |  |
 GG | 39.7 | 45.5 | 34.0 | 0.2131 |
BMI, kg/m2 | ||||
 Mean (95% CI) | 28.3 (27.6–29.0) | 29.9 (28.9–31.0) | 26.7 (25.9–27.6) | < 0.0001 |
 Normal | 28.8 | 18.4 | 39.0 |  |
 Overweight | 33.3 | 46.9 | 20.0 |  |
 Obese | 37.9 | 34.7 | 41.0 | < 0.0001 |
Diabetes | ||||
 No | 73.2 | 60.2 | 86.0 |  |
 Yes | 26.8 | 39.8 | 14.0 | < 0.0001 |
Metabolic Syndrome | ||||
 No | 41.4 | 31.6 | 51.0 |  |
 Yes | 58.6 | 68.4 | 49.0 | 0.0057 |