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Table 1 General characteristics of study participants

From: Low−/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and carotid plaques in patients with coronary heart disease: a Chinese cohort study

Characteristic

Total

(N = 9426)

LDL-C/HDL-C tertile

P- value

T1 (n = 3168)

T2 (n = 3128)

T3 (n = 3168)

Sex, n (%)

<  0.001

 Male

4615(49.0)

1438(45.9)

1466(46.3)

1711(54.7)

 

 Female

4811(51.0)

1692(54.1)

1702(53.7)

1417(45.3)

 

Age, years, median (IQR)

64.0(59.0–69.0)

65.0(60.0–70.0)

64.0(58.0–69.0)

64.0(58.0–69.0)

<  0.001

SBP, mmHg, median (IQR)

140.0(128.0–156.0)

139.0(125.0–154.0)

140.0(129.0–157.0)

141.0(130.0–160.0)

<  0.001

DBP, mmHg, median (IQR)

82.0(77.0–90.0)

80.0(75.0–90.0)

83.0(77.0–90.0)

85.0(80.0–91.0)

<  0.001

HbA1c, %, median (IQR)

6.1(5.6–7.0)

5.9(5.6–6.7)

6.0(5.6–7.0)

6.2(5.7–7.4)

<  0.001

Smoking, n (%)

4161(44.1)

1251(40.0)

1317(41.6)

1593(50.9)

<  0.001

Drinking, n (%)

5316(56.4)

1591(50.8)

1665(52.6)

2060(65.9)

<  0.001

TG, mmol/L, median (IQR)

1.4(1.0–2.0)

1.1(0.9–1.6)

1.5(1.0–2.0)

1.8(1.3–2.4)

<  0.001

TC, mmol/L, median (IQR)

4.6(3.9–5.3)

3.9(3.2–4.5)

4.6(4.0–5.1)

5.2(4.6–6.0)

<  0.001

HDL-C, mmol/L, median (IQR)

1.0(0.9–1.2)

1.2(1.0–1.4)

1.01(0.96–1.21)

1.0(0.8–1.1)

<  0.001

LDL-C, mmol/L, median (IQR)

2.8(2.0–3.4)

2.0(1.6–2.4)

2.8(2.3–3.2)

3.5(3.0–4.0)

<  0.001

Non-HDL-C, mmol/L, median (IQR)

3.5(2.8–4.2)

2.6(2.1–3.1)

3.5(3.0–4.0)

4.3(3.7–4.9)

<  0.001

TC/HDL-C, median (IQR)

4.2(3.5–5.2)

3.2(2.8–3.6)

4.2(3.9–4.6)

5.5(5.0–6.2)

<  0.001

LDL-C/HDL-C, median (IQR)

2.6(2.0–3.3)

1.7(1.4–2.0)

2.6(2.4–2.8)

3.6(3.3–4.2)

<  0.001

TG/HDL-C, median (IQR)

1.4(0.9–2.1)

0.9(0.6–1.4)

1.3(1.0–2.1)

1.9(1.4–2.7)

<  0.001

Non-HDL-C/HDL-C, median (IQR)

3.2(2.5–4.2)

2.2(1.8–2.6)

3.2(2.9–3.6)

4.5(4.0–5.2)

<  0.001

CIMT, mm, median (IQR)

1.0(0.9–1.2)

1.0(0.9–1.2)

1.0(0.9–1.2)

1.0(0.9–1.2)

<  0.001

Hypertension, n (%)

7443(79.0)

2300(73.5)

2518(79.5)

2625(83.9)

<  0.001

Type 2 diabetes, n (%)

4320(45.8)

1281(73.5)

1452(45.8)

1587(50.7)

<  0.001

Current antilipidemic medication, n (%)

6218(65.9)

2086(66.6)

2130(67.2)

2002(64.0)

<  0.001

Current antihypertensive medication, n (%)

6869(72.8)

2314(73.9)

2331(73.5)

2224(71.0)

<  0.001

Carotid plaque, n (%)

6989(74.1)

2228(71.2)

2244(70.8)

2517(80.5)

 

No. of carotid plaque, n (%)

<  0.001

 1

365(5.2)

98(4.4)

110(4.9)

157(6.2)

 

  ≥ 2

6624(94.8)

2130(95.6)

2134(95.1)

2360(93.8)

 

Carotid plaque echo property, n (%)

<  0.001

 Hypoechoic plaque

454(6.5)

136(6.1)

164(7.3)

154(6.1)

 

 Isoechoic plaque

510(7.3)

140(6.3)

150(6.7)

220(8.7)

 

 Hyperechoic plaque

3950(56.5)

1293(58.0)

1276(56.7)

1381(54.9)

 

 Mixture plaque

2075(29.7)

659(29.6)

654(29.1)

762(30.3)

 
  1. T1: LDL-C/HDL-C <  2.15; T2: 2.15 ≤ LDL-C/HDL-C ≤ 3; T3: LDL-C/HDL-C > 3. Data are presented as median (interquartile) or number (proportion, %); P-value was calculated by Kruskal-Wallis test
  2. SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglycerides, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, IQR Interquartile range