Circulating growth differentiation factor 15 levels and apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A1 ratio in coronary artery disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Table 2 Association of coronary heart diseases with serum GDF-15 in T2DM patients

GDF-15 quartiles	n	Concentration range	OR (95%CI)
GDF-15 quartiles	n	Concentration range	Crude	Model 1	Model 2
Quartile 1(low)	125	≤7.030	Reference	Reference	Reference
Quartile 2	126	7.030–9.935	2.426(1.345,4.373)	2.292(1.218,4.315)	2.417(0.995,5.868)
Quartile 3	126	9.935–15.177	10.842(5.967,19.700)	9.442(5.007,17.805)	5.250(2.068,13.328)
Quartile 4(high)	125	≥15.177	15.498(8.337,28.810)	9.502(4.916,18.366)	11.514(4.586,28.909)
β			−0.990	−0.838	−0.656
SE			0.100	0.106	0.146
p value			< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between serum levels of GDF-15 and coronary artery diseases in T2DM patients. Serum GDF-15 was divided into quartiles (quartile 4: ≥75th, quartile 3: 50–75th, quartile 2: 25–50th, quartile 1: < 25th percentile)
Crude: no adjustment
Model 1: adjusted for age, gender, diabetic durations, BMI, alcohol drinking, smoking, hypertension, insulin, metformin and anti-hypertension treatments
Model 2: adjusted for the same variables as Model 1 as well as WBC, NEU, LYM, NLR, hs-CRP, HbA1c, FPG, 2hPG, GA, GA/ALB, ALT, AST, GGT, Urea, Cr, UA, eGFR, FFA, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoB, ApoA1 and ApoB/ApoA1

ISSN: 1476-511X