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Fig. 5 | Lipids in Health and Disease

Fig. 5

From: Adeno-associated virus-based caveolin-1 delivery via different routes for the prevention of cholesterol gallstone formation

Fig. 5

CAV1-associated gallbladder AMPK activation protects mice from LD-induced CGD via the prevention of gallbladder stasis

Mice were injected (either via the i.v. or i.p. route) with or without AAV2/8CAV1 at 1 × 1011 vg/animal and then fed LD following PBS or compound c treatment (8 weeks). n = 13 for each group, LD-fed mice with either i.v. or i.p. administration of AAV2/8CAV1 with or without compound c treatment (10 mg/kg, i.p. injection once a day); n = 9 for LD-fed mice with neither AAV2/8CAV1 administration nor compound c treatment. Chow-fed (8-week) mice (n = 5) were used as a control

The letters on each bar are provided for statistical purposes, and different letters indicate significance (P < 0.05). If there are no significant differences between two bars, they have the same letter. The individual P values are described in Supplementary Table 3.

A. Western blotting analysis of AMPK (and its phosphorylation), EGFR (and its phosphorylation), MUC1, and MUC5ac protein expression in the gallbladder of each group of mice. β-actin was used as a loading control. Data are representative of three samples for each protein. T172, the activation marker of AMPK phosphorylation at threonine 172; Y1173, the activation marker of EGFR phosphorylation at tyrosine 1173; i.v., AAV2/8CAV1 injection (1 × 1011 vg/mice) via the i.v. route; i.p., AAV2/8CAV1 injection (1 × 1011 vg/mice) via the i.p. route; CC, compound c injection (10 mg/kg/day) via the i.p. route.

B. qRT‒PCR analysis of CCKAR, CHRM2, CHRM3, miR145-5p, MUC1, MUC5ac, and NPC1L1 expression in the gallbladder of each group of mice. 18 S rRNA was used as an internal control. Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. CC, compound c injection (10 mg/kg/day) via the i.p. route.

C. The contractile force of gallbladder smooth muscle is generated in response to 10 µM acetylcholine or 10 nM cholecystokinin. Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Ach, acetylcholine; CCK, cholecystokinin.

D. Quantitation of free fatty acids, triacylglycerol, and cholesterol in the gallbladder of each group of mice.

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