Table 4 Sensitivity analyses of the relationship between CAD risk and traditional cardio-metabolic factors, atherogenicity indices, and surrogate markers of insulin resistance excluding statin users

Serum traditional cardio-metabolic parameters (mmol/L)

 Triglyceride

  Continuous ^a

1.97 (1.60–2.43)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.00

1.58

(1.04–2.38)

1.79

(1.19–2.69)

2.57

(1.71–3.86)

 Total cholesterol

  Continuous ^a

1.38 (1.20–1.60)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.00

1.25

(0.85–1.86)

1.03

(0.70–1.53)

1.67

(1.15–2.43)

 Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)

  Continuous ^a

1.55 (1.33–1.81)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.00

0.66

(0.44–1.00)

0.86

(0.58–1.28)

1.76

(1.23–2.52)

 High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)

  Continuous ^a

0.16 (0.09–0.28)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.002003

0.68

(0.46–1.00)

0.66

(0.46–0.94)

0.31

(0.21–0.47)

 Fasting blood sugar

  Continuous ^a

1.91(1.69–2.16)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.00

2.23

(1.26–3.96)

4.72

(2.77–8.04)

19.15

(11.40–32.18)

Novel indices

 Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP)

  Continuous ^a

12.17 (6.44–23.00)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.00

1.94

(1.25–3.00)

3.09

(2.01–4.75)

4.25

(2.75–6.57)

 Castelli risk index-I (CRI-I)

  Continuous ^a

1.51 (1.37–1.66)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.00

1.82

(1.20–2.76)

1.87

(1.22–2.87)

3.63

(2.40–5.50)

 Castelli risk index-II (CRI-II)

  Continuous ^a

1.64(1.46–1.84)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.00

1.07

(0.72–1.59)

1.12

(0.74—1.68)

2.33

(1.59–3.40)

 Cholesterol index (CHOLINDEX)

 Continuous ^a

1.70 (1.47–1.98)

 < 0.001

 Adjusted model ^a

1.00

0.64

(0.43–0.96)

1.00

(0.67–1.49)

1.95

(1.36–2.81)

 Lipoprotein combine index (LCI)

  Continuous ^a

1.03 (1.02–1.03)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^a

1.00

2.59

(1.68–3.99)

2.57

(1.67–3.97)

4.34

(2.82–6.65)

 Metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS − IR)

  Continuous ^b

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

0.607

  Adjusted model ^b

1.00

1.49

(1.00–2.23)

1.67

(1.13–2.46)

1.15

(0.77–1.73)

 Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index

  Continuous ^b

4.02 (3.00–5.37)

 < 0.001

  Adjusted model ^b

1.00

1.78

(1.12–2.80)

2.37

(1.52–3.72)

4.48

(2.90–6.92)

 Triglyceride glucose (TyG)-BMI

  Continuous ^b

0.99 (0.98–1.00)

0.352

  Adjusted model ^b

1.00

1.45

(0.99–2.14)

1.17

(0.79–1.73)

0.80

(0.53–1.20)