Fig. 3

Effects of Cur on outward cholesterol transport rate in Caco-2 cells by activating the TRPA1 channel. A and B Caco-2 cells were incubated with the indicated concentrations of MC (100 µM), Cur (10 µM), and HC (9 µM) for 48 h. A Table of cholesterol (CHO) content and transport rate in Caco-2 cells and supernatant of the culture medium in each group. B Relative CHO transport rate in each group. Data presented as mean ± SEM. (n = 3). ^**P < 0.01 vs control, ^##P < 0.01 vs MC, ^&P < 0.05 vs MC + Cur. CHO, cholesterol; MC, micellar cholesterol; Cur, curcumin; HC, HC-030031. TRPA1, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1; SEM, standard error of the mean