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Table 1 Characteristics of the participants at baseline and after interventions

From: Differential effects of bariatric surgery and lifestyle interventions on plasma levels of Lp(a) and fatty acids

 

Trial 1

Trial 2

Surgery-group n = 82

Lifestyle-group n = 77

Lifestyle-cohort n = 134

Baseline

7 weeks

P*

59 weeks

P†

Baseline

59 weeks

P‡

Baseline

20 weeks

P‡

Age, years

41 (36–49)

    

47 (37–55)

  

55 (26–74)

  

Sex, female, n (%)

54 (65.9)

    

48 (62.3)

  

80 (59.7)

  

Ethnicity, white, n (%)

80 (97.6)

    

75 (97.4)

  

73 (45)

  

Cardiovascular disease, n (%)

2 (2)

    

12 (16)

  

22 (16.4)

  

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, n (%)

24 (29.3)

    

17 (22.1)

  

134 (100)

  

Statins, n (%)

12 (14.6)

11 (13.4)

1.00

9 (11.0)

0.63

18 (23.4)

19 (24.7)

1.00

77 (58.0)

75 (56.0)

1.00

Insulin, n (%)

1 (1.2)

1 (1.2)

1.00

0 (0)

1.00

4 (5.2)

3 (3.9)

1.00

65 (48.5)

47 (35.1)

0.125

BMI, kg/m2

45.6 (5.3)

42.6 (5.0)

< 0.001

31.2 (4.7)

< 0.001

42.0 (4.9)

38.0 (5.9)

< 0.001

35.4 (32.4–38.6)

32.3 (29.4–35.8)

< 0.001

Weight, kg

137.1 (21.9)

127.9 (20.1)

< 0.001

93.8 (17.7)

< 0.001

124.2 (20.0)

112.2 (21.3)

< 0.001

101.5 (89.4–115.8)

92.1 (80.8–105.2)

< 0.001

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

4.9 (1.0)

4.6 (1.0)

< 0.001

4.3 (0.9)

< 0.001

5.1 (1.0)

5.0 (1.1)

0.57

4.4 (3.6–5.1)

4.1 (3.5–4.9)

0.001

HDL cholesterol, mmol/L

1.1 (0.3)

1.0 (0.2)

< 0.001

1.5 (0.4)

< 0.001

1.2 (0.3)

1.3 (0.4)

< 0.001

1.2 (1.0–1.4)

1.2 (1.0–1.4)

0.019

LDL cholesterol, mmol/L

3.1 (0.9)

2.9 (0.9)

0.014

2.4 (0.7)

< 0.001

3.1 (0.9)

3.1 (1.0)

0.98

2.5 (2.1–3.2)

2.4 (1.7–2.9)

0.003

Triglycerides, mmol/L

1.5 (1.0–2.0)

1.2 (0.9–1.7)

< 0.001

0.9 (0.7–1.1)

< 0.001

1.4 (1.1–2.0)

1.2 (0.8–1.5)

< 0.001

1.6 (1.1–2.4)

1.4 (1.0–1.9)

< 0.001

Lp(a), nmol/L

16.5 (7.0–68.0)

21.0 (7.0–81.3)

0.05

10.5 (7.0–55.8)

< 0.001

14 (7–77)

19 (7–94)

< 0.001

50 (14–160)

57 (19–208)

< 0.001

Glucose, mmol/L

5.4 (5.1–6.3)

5.1 (4.7–5.8)

0.001

4.7 (4.5–5.0)

< 0.001

5.3 (4.9–6.3)

5.1 (4.6–5.8)

0.036

8.5 (6.9–10.5)

7.2 (6.1–9.0)

< 0.001

C-reactive protein, mg/dL

8.1 (3.7–12.0)

5.2 (3.0–9.2)

< 0.001

0.6 (0.7–1.8)

< 0.001

4.8 (2.5–8.7)

2.8 (1.4–5.8)

< 0.001

4.5 (1.6–15.0)

3.4 (1.1–8.8)

0.009

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein. Data are given as mean (standard deviation) or median (interquartile range). McNemar’s test, paired T test or Wilcoxon signed Rank test comparing
  2. *baseline and 7 weeks
  3. †7 weeks and end of intervention
  4. ‡baseline and end of intervention
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X