Fatty acid ( % of total) | Lean | Obese | Main effects | Â | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | CON | FLAX | FISH | SDA | CON | FLAX | FISH | SDA | Genotype | Diet | Interaction |
LA [18:2(n-6)] | 9.50 ± 0.28 | 9.61 ± 0.28 | 9.72 ± 0.28 | 8.26 ± 0.29 | 7.76 ± 0.30 | 7.97 ± 0.29 | 8.21 ± 0.29 | 6.73 ± 0.31 | P < 0.0001†| P < 0.0001i | P = 0.96 |
ALA [18:3(n-3)] | 0.04 ± 0.07a | 0.43 ± 0.07b | 0.10 ± 0.07a | 0.64 ± 0.07c | 0.14 ± 0.07a | 0.70 ± 0.07c | 0.21 ± 0.07a | 0.61 ± 0.08bc | P = 0.24 | P < 0.0001ii | ΔP = 0.079 |
GLA [18:3(n-3)] | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.30 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | P = 0.78 | P < 0.0001iii | P = 0.52 |
SDA [18:4(n-3)] | 0.03 ± 0.05 | 0.03 ± 0.05 | 0.03 ± 0.05 | 0.40 ± 0.05 | 0.03 ± 0.03 | 0.02 ± 0.05 | 0.03 ± 0.05 | 0.40 ± 0.05 | P = 0.74 | P < 0.0001iii | P = 0.76 |
AA [20:4(n-6)] | 25.63 ± 0.51 | 22.21 ± 0.51 | 15.90 ± 0.50 | 20.67 ± 0.52 | 24.91 ± 0.54 | 21.1 ± 0.51 | 14.80 ± 0.52 | 18.13 ± 0.56 | P = 0.056 | P < 0.0001iv | P = 0.13 |
EPA [20:5(n-3)] | 0.05 ± 0.11a | 1.06 ± 0.11b | 5.14 ± 0.11f | 2.80 ± 0.11d | 0.23 ± 0.12a | 1.45 ± 0.11c | 5.41 ± 0.12f | 3.98 ± 0.12e | P = 0.0017‡ | P < 0.0001v | ΔP < 0.0001 |
DPA [22:5(n-3)] | 1.02 ± 0.16a | 3.67 ± 0.16cd | 3.74 ± 0.16d | 5.44 ± 0.17e | 1.19 ± 0.17a | 3.08 ± 0.17b | 3.17 ± 0.18bc | 4.64 ± 0.18e | P = 0.052 | P < 0.0001vi | ΔP = 0.0050 |
DHA [22:6(n-3)] | 2.51 ± 0.14 | 3.74 ± 0.14 | 5.80 ± 0.14 | 2.31 ± 0.14 | 2.91 ± 0.15 | 4.33 ± 0.14 | 6.50 ± 0.14 | 3.28 ± 0.15 | P = 0.0010‡ | P < 0.0001vii | P = 0.10 |
∑SFA | 47.53 ± 0.39 | 47.58 ± 0.39 | 47.17 ± 0.38 | 47.49 ± 0.40 | 47.35 ± 0.41 | 47.23 ± 0.39 | 47.67 ± 0.40 | 47.31 ± 0.43 | P = 0.93 | P = 0.99 | P = 0.56 |
∑MUFA | 9.62 ± 0.39 | 9.94 ± 0.39 | 11.00 ± 0.39 | 10.14 ± 0.40 | 11.91 ± 0.42 | 12.12 ± 0.40 | 12.12 ± 0.40 | 12.36 ± 0.43 | P = 0.0006‡ | P = 0.11 | P = 0.23 |
∑n3PUFA | 3.63 ± 0.19 | 8.92 ± 0.19 | 14.81 ± 0.19 | 11.63 ± 0.20 | 4.48 ± 0.20 | 9.59 ± 0.19 | 15.31 ± 0.20 | 12.88 ± 0.21 | P = 0.0029‡ | P < 0.0001v | P = 0.10 |
∑n6PUFA | 41.23 ± 0.45 | 37.23 ± 0.45 | 32.76 ± 0.44 | 33.01 ± 0.46 | 38.61 ± 0.48 | 35.33 ± 0.45 | 31.33 ± 0.46 | 30.67 ± 0.49 | P = 0.0013†| P < 0.0001iv | P = 0.41 |