Butter naturally enriched in cis-9, trans-11 CLA prevents hyperinsulinemia and increases both serum HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in rats

Table 1 Metabolic and serum parameters in Wistar rats fed with control or naturally enriched in cis -9, trans -11 CLA butters for 60 days

	Dietary treatments
	NF-So¹	HF-Cb²	HF-CLAb³	HF-So⁴
Dietary intake and weight gain
Intake (g/day/rat)	26.45 ± 1.06	20.96 ± 0.37***	21.33 ± 0.49***	19.15 ± 0.49***
Intake (Kcal/day/rat)	63.19 ± 2.52	73.21 ± 1.31**	72.01 ± 1.67**	70.17 ± 1.89*
Weight gain (%)	62.15 ± 1.90	69.31 ± 2.13	66.05 ± 2.41	59.80 ± 3.32
Body composition
Moisture (%)	50.10 ± 1.05	50.03 ± 0.47	48.19 ± 0.44	50.83 ± 1.17
Lipid (%)	29.41 ± 1.38	28.55 ± 0.64	31.31 ± 0.50	27.14 ± 1.36
Protein (%)	17.76 ± 0.32	17.60 ± 0.21	16.96 ± 0.19	17.57 ± 0.49
Ash (%)	3.38 ± 0.05	4.13 ± 0.09	3.66 ± 0.28	3.87 ± 0.38
Insulin Sensibility Indexes and AUC
HOMA index	1.11 ± 0.02	1.40 ± 0.10	1.39 ± 0.16	1.08 ± 0.05
R-QUICKI	0.88 ± 0.02	0.76 ± 0.03*	0.82 ± 0.02	0.81 ± 0.04
AUC	13180 ± 1505	12330 ± 1158	14390 ± 1398	14610 ± 1021
Serum metabolites
NEFA (mmol/L)	0.375 ± 0.023	0.325 ± 0.017	0.354 ± 0.022	0.294 ± 0.025
Leptin (ng/mL)	2.21 ± 0.21	2.59 ± 0.26	2.72 ± 0.35	1.99 ± 0.20
LDL-C ⁵ /HDL-C ⁶	1.42 ± 0.07	0.93 ± 0.04***^,##	0.81 ± 0.05^***,###	1.17 ± 0.06**
non-HDL-C/HDL-C	1.73 ± 0.11	1.39 ± 0.08*	1.33 ± 0.07**	1.46 ± 0.05*

Data are presented as mean values ± S.E.M (n = 10 rats/group). Statistically significant differences were determined by Anova followed by Newman-Keuls. Asterisk denotes statistically significant differences compared to NF-So (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001) and number sign denotes statistically significant differences compared to HF-So (^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001). ¹Normal Fat-Soybean oil (NF-So), diet containing 4.0% soybean oil (SO); ²High Fat-Control Butter (HF-Cb), diet containing 21.7% control butter and 2.3% SO; ³High CLA Butter (HF-CLAb), diet containing 21.7% butter naturally enriched in cis-9, trans-11 CLA and 2.3% SO; ⁴High Fat-Soybean oil (HF-So), diet containing 24.0% SO.
⁵LDL-C: LDL cholesterol; ⁶HDL-C:HDL cholesterol.

ISSN: 1476-511X