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Table 3 Monoamine concentration (pmol/mg tissue) in three selected brain regions of male control rats and ID + n-3 FAD rats repleted with an Fe + ALA, ID + ALA, Fe + n-3 FAD, or an ID + n-3 FAD diet for 5 weeks

From: Providing male rats deficient in iron and n-3 fatty acids with iron and alpha-linolenic acid alone affects brain serotonin and cognition differently from combined provision

 

p Value

pmol/mg tissue

Control

Fe + ALA

ID + ALA

Fe + n-3 FAD

ID + n-3 FAD

Fe

ALA

Fe × ALA

DA

FC

0.19 ± 0.06

0.40 ± 0.10

0.37 ± 0.09

0.38 ± 0.07

0.55 ± 0.10*

0.46

0.36

0.31

OB

1.28 ± 0.56

0.58 ± 0.07

0.63 ± 0.16

1.02 ± 0.21

0.73 ± 0.19

0.35

0.09

0.30

Str

6.87 ± 1.58

8.25 ± 2.56

9.10 ± 2.53

6.86 ± 2.73

7.68 ± 1.58

0.40

0.74

0.88

DOPAC

FC

2.22 ± 0.23

3.03 ± 0.50

3.25 ± 0.37

2.28 ± 0.33

3.27 ± 0.50

0.13

0.26

0.31

OB

2.99 ± 0.44

3.35 ± 0.35

2.99 ± 0.25

2.84 ± 0.20

3.51 ± 0.36

0.54

0.88

0.13

Str

12.78 ± 1.00

13.55 ± 0.87

11.97 ± 1.53

13.67 ± 2.37

11.86 ± 0.78

0.64

0.72

0.53

HVA

FC

1.04 ± 0.12

0.99 ± 0.21

1.29 ± 0.17

1.27 ± 0.21

1.26 ± 0.22

0.44

0.56

0.37

OB

2.22 ± 0.17

1.93 ± 0.19

1.90 ± 0.13

2.12 ± 0.10

2.28 ± 0.25

0.83

0.11

0.66

Str

16.26 ± 1.24

14.69 ± 1.14

14.19 ± 1.13

15.05 ± 1.32

14.42 ± 1.00

0.72

0.82

0.96

5-HT

FC

3.30 ± 0.66

1.97 ± 0.15‡

3.93 ± 0.74

4.67 ± 0.76#

3.36 ± 0.63

0.70

0.031

0.005

OB

2.37 ± 0.79

2.29 ± 0.50‡

2.76 ± 0.60

4.29 ± 0.55*,¥,#

2.22 ± 0.63‡

0.10

0.34

0.039

Str

2.58 ± 0.66

2.74 ± 0.46

2.51 ± 0.44

1.77 ± 0.32

2.34 ± 0.52

0.67

0.15

0.38

5-HIAA

FC

2.31 ± 0.28

2.40 ± 0.29

1.67 ± 0.23

2.28 ± 0.31

2.21 ± 0.31

0.15

0.46

0.23

OB

2.16 ± 0.37

2.15 ± 0.41

2.54 ± 0.21

1.75 ± 0.35

1.73 ± 0.27

0.42

0.16

0.26

Str

2.48 ± 0.51

7.00 ± 1.68

5.10 ± 0.88

4.09 ± 1.21

5.79 ± 1.15

0.68

0.30

0.20

NE

FC

1.58 ± 0.55

1.92 ± 0.42

1.45 ± 0.43

2.22 ± 0.56

1.40 ± 0.32

0.14

0.76

0.78

OB

2.77 ± 0.80

3.75 ± 0.85

2.27 ± 0.32

2.02 ± 0.29

2.35 ± 0.40

0.54

0.31

0.26

Str

2.70 ± 0.60

3.16 ± 0.55

1.91 ± 0.36

3.25 ± 0.68

2.18 ± 0.39

0.05

0.72

0.71

  1. Values are means ± SEM, n = 8–10 per group. Abbreviations: ALA, alpha-linolenic acid; DA, dopamine; n-3 FAD, n-3 fatty acid deficient; 5-HIAA, hydroxyindoleacetic acid; 5-HT, serotonin; DOPAC, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; FC, frontal cortex; Fe, iron; HVA, homovanillic acid; ID, iron deficient; NE, norepinephrine; OB, olfactory bulb; Str, striatum.
  2. p Values correspond to two-way ANOVA to test effects of dietary Fe (deficient vs. sufficient) and dietary ALA (deficient vs. sufficient), and Fe × ALA interactions.
  3. *P <0.05 versus control group, analyzed using 1-way ANOVA with diet as between-subject variable followed by post hoc Dunnett’s test to determine whether experimental (repletion) groups differed from age-matched positive-control rats after repletion with Fe and/or ALA.
  4. #P <0.05 versus Fe + ALA group; ‡P <0.05 versus Fe + n-3 FAD group; ¥P <0.05 versus ID + n-3 FAD group; Analyzed using 1-way ANOVA with diet (excluding control group) as between-subject variable followed by post hoc Tukey’s test to determine differences between experimental (repletion) groups.