|  | Subjects | Heterogeneity |  |  | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Category | N | cases/controls | Ph | I 2(%) | SMD(95Â %Â CI) | Z test |
Albuminuria | ||||||
1. Overall | 10 | 175/176 | 0.22 | 24 | −0.46(−0.68,–0.25) | z = 4.21,pz < 0.0001 |
2. Adjustment by ethnicity | ||||||
 Caucasian | 6 | 71/71 | 0.12 | 43 | −0.41(−0.75,–0.07) | z = 2.36,pz = 0.02 |
 Asian | 4 | 104/105 | 0.41 | 0 | −0.50(−0.77,–0.22) | z = 3.51,pz = 0.0004 |
3. Adjustment by subtypes of diabetes with diabetic nephropathy | ||||||
 T1DM | 2 | 31/29 | 0.96 | 0 | −0.01(−0.52,0.50) | z = 0.04,pz = 0.97 |
 T2DM | 8 | 144/147 | 0.31 | 14 | −0.56(−0.80,–0.32) | z = 4.63,pz < 0.00001 |
4. Adjustment by baseline of albuminuria | ||||||
  < 30 mg/d | 2 | 31/33 | 0.14 | 53 | −0.29(−0.78,0.21) | z = 1.12,pz = 0.26 |
 30-299 mg/d | 4 | 58/59 | 0.21 | 33 | −0.71(−1.09,–0.33) | z = 3.65,pz = 0.0003 |
  ≥ 300 mg/d | 4 | 86/84 | 0.42 | 0 | −0.37(−0.67,–0.06) | z = 2.37,pz = 0.02 |
5. Adjustment by treatment duration | ||||||
  < 1 year | 6 | 118/116 | 0.50 | 0 | −0.41(−0.67,–0.15) | z = 3.09,pz = 0.002 |
 1 ~ 3 years | 4 | 57/60 | 0.07 | 58 | −0.57(−0.95,–0.19) | z = 2.94,pz = 0.003 |
6. Adjustment by dose of statins | ||||||
 low-intensity statins | 3 | 61/63 | 0.18 | 41 | −0.48(−0.84,–0.12) | z = 2.61,pz = 0.009 |
 moderate-intensity statins | 2 | 20/19 | 0.27 | 16 | −0.35(−0.99,0.30) | z = 1.05,pz = 0.29 |
 high-intensity statins | 5 | 94/94 | 0.13 | 44 | −0.47(−0.77,–0.18) | z = 3.15,pz = 0.002 |
eGFR | ||||||
1. Overall | 6 | 1252/1257 | 0.73 | 0 | 0.49(−0.06,1.03) | z = 1.75,pz = 0.08 |
2. Adjustment by ethnicity | ||||||
 Caucasian | 5 | 1184/1187 | 0.48 | 0 | 0.48(−0.08,1.04) | z = 1.69,pz = 0.09 |
 Asian | 1 | 68/70 | 0.75 | 0 | 0.64(−1.87,3.15) | z = 0.50,pz = 0.62 |
3. Adjustment by subtypes of diabetes with diabetic nephropathy | ||||||
 T1DM | 1 | 12/9 | not applicable | −3.00(−17.22,11.22) | z = 0.41,pz = 0.68 | |
 T2DM | 5 | 1240/1248 | 0.64 | 0 | 0.49(−0.05,1.04) | z = 1.77,pz = 0.08 |
4. Adjustment by baseline of albuminuria | ||||||
  < 30 mg/d | 1 | 913/918 | not applicable | 0.34(−0.28,0.96) | z = 1.08,pz = 0.28 | |
 30-299 mg/d | 4 | 311/312 | 0.52 | 0 | 1.03(−0.16,2.21) | z = 1.70,pz = 0.09 |
  ≥ 300 mg/d | 1 | 28/27 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.73(−6.15,7.61) | z = 0.21,pz = 0.83 |
5. Whether combined with ACER or ARB | ||||||
 with ACEI or ARB | 4 | 1218/1220 | 0.74 | 0 | 0.04(−0.04,0.12) | z = 0.89,pz = 0.37 |
 without ACEI or ARB | 2 | 18/20 | 0.94 | 0 | 1.14(0.44,1.84) | z = 3.20,pz = 0.001 |
6. Adjustment by treatment duration | ||||||
  < 1 year | 3 | 72/71 | 0.47 | 0 | 0.69(−1.85,3.24) | z = 0.53,pz = 0.59 |
 1 ~ 3 years | 3 | 1180/1186 | 0.56 | 0 | 0.48(−0.08,1.04) | z = 1.68,pz = 0.09 |
7. Adjustment by dose of statins | ||||||
 low-intensity statins | 3 | 1206/1211 | 0.81 | 0 | 0.42(−0.13,0.98) | z = 1.51,pz = 0.13 |
 moderate-intensity statins | 2 | 20/19 | 0.27 | 19 | 3.07(−6.28,12.43) | z = 0.64,pz = 0.52 |
 high-intensity statins | 1 | 26/27 | 0.80 | 0 | 2.76(−0.83,6.36) | z = 1.51,pz = 0.13 |
8. Adjustment by baseline of eGFR | ||||||
 60 ~ 89 ml/min/1.73 m2 | 4 | 1234/1238 | 0.94 | 0 | 0.43(−0.12,0.98) | z = 1.52,pz = 0.13 |
  > =90 ml/min/1.73 m2 | 2 | 18/19 | 0.48 | 0 | 3.45(−0.40,7.30) | z = 1.76,pz = 0.08 |
UAER | ||||||
1. Overall | 5 | 99/100 | <0.00001 | 93 | −1.68(−3.23,–0.12) | z = 2.12,pz = 0.03 |
2. Adjustment by ethnicity | ||||||
 Caucasian | 2 | 18/20 | <0.00001 | 96 | −25.99(−78.54,26.57) | z = 0.97,pz = 0.33 |
 Asian | 3 | 81/80 | 0.0001 | 89 | −1.78(−2.98,–0.57) | z = 2.88,pz = 0.004 |
3. Adjustment by baseline of albuminuria | ||||||
 30-299 mg/d | 4 | 67/69 | <0.00001 | 94 | −2.17(−4.56,0.23) | z = 1.77,pz = 0.08 |
  ≥ 300 mg/d | 1 | 32/31 | not applicable | −1.12(−1.65, −0.58) | z = 4.11,pz < 0.0001 | |
4. Adjustment by treatment duration | ||||||
  < 1 year | 4 | 89/90 | <0.00001 | 95 | −1.90(−3.91,0.11) | z = 1.85,pz = 0.06 |
 1 ~ 3 years | 1 | 10/10 | not applicable | −1.29(−2.28,–0.31) | z = 2.58,pz = 0.010 | |
5. Adjustment by dose of statins | ||||||
 low-intensity statins | 1 | 10/10 | not applicable | −1.29(−2.28,–0.31) | z = 2.58,pz = 0.010 | |
 moderate-intensity statins | 1 | 8/10 | not applicable | −53.77(−73.67,–33.88) | z = 5.30,pz < 0.00001 | |
 high-intensity statins | 3 | 81/80 | <0.00001 | 93 | −1.39(−2.87,0.09) | z = 1.84,pz = 0.07 |
Scr | ||||||
1. Overall | 4 | 127/126 | <0.00001 | 95 | 0.75(−0.52,2.03) | z = 1.15,pz = 0.25 |
2. Adjustment by baseline of albuminuria | ||||||
 30-299 mg/d | 2 | 69/69 | <0.00001 | 98 | 1.62(−1.91,5.15) | z = 0.90,pz = 0.37 |
  ≥ 300 mg/d | 2 | 58/57 | 0.93 | 0 | −0.05(−0.42,0.31) | z = 0.28,pz = 0.78 |
4. Adjustment by dose of statins | ||||||
 low-intensity statins | 1 | 30/30 | not applicable | 3.44(2.62,4.25) | z = 0.00,pz = 1.00 | |
 high-intensity statins | 3 | 97/96 | 0.93 | 0 | −0.10(−0.38,0.19) | z = 0.98,pz = 0.33 |
BUN | ||||||
1.Overall | 2 | 51/52 | 0.88 | 0 | −0.26(−0.64,0.13) | z = 1.29,pz = 0.20 |