Table 1 Summary of studies investigating the relationship between apoCIII and cardiovascular risk
From: The emerging role of apolipoprotein C-III: beyond effects on triglyceride metabolism
Study | Study design | Study population (n) | Mean age (y) | Male (%) | apoCIII levels (mg/dl) | Lipid levels (mg/dl) | Key study findings | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In plasma | In HDL | TG | TC | HDL-C | LDL-C | ||||||
Olivieri et al. [19] | prospective study | CVD patients (n = 633) | 60.2 | 81.5 % | 11.3a | NR | 154.9 | 220.8 | 46.3 | 147.9 | Serum apoCIII ≥ 10.5 mg/dl represents an independent risk factor of overall (HR, 2.22; 95 % CI, 1.16–4.24; P = 0.016) and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 2.35; 95 % CI, 1.19–4.62; P = 0.014). |
Olivieri et al. [20] | retrospective study | CVD patients (n = 687) vs CVD-free patients (n = 246) | 60.6 vs 57.5 | 81.0 % vs 71.0 % | 11.4 vs 10.2 | NR | 152.2 vs 117.7 | 221.2 vs 212.7 | 46.7 vs 55.6 | 147.9 vs 137.1 | Increased concentration of apoCIII is associated with elevated risk of venous thrombosis (β, 0.192; 95 % CI, 0.109–0.274; P < 0.001). |
Jensen et al. [22] | case-control study | CVD patients (NHS-women: n = 286; HPFS-men: n = 348) vs controls (NHS-women: n = 286; HPFS-men: n = 351) | NHS-women: 60.2 vs 60.1; HPFS-men: 64.3 vs 64.2 | 54.9 % vs 55.1 % | NR | NHS-women: 12 vs 12; HPFS-men: 12 vs 11 | NHS-women: 106.2 vs 88.5; HPFS-men: 115.0 vs 97.3 | NHS-women: 234.4 vs 230.5; HPFS-men: 218.1 vs 209.3 | NHS-women: 68.0 vs 72.6; HPFS-men: 46.7 vs 48.6 | NHS-women: 148.3 vs 142.5; HPFS-men: 135.1 vs 125.9 | HDL with apoCIII (OR, 1.18; 95 % CI, 1.03–1.34; P = 0.01) and HDL without apoCIII (OR, 0.66; 95 % CI, 0.53–0.83; P = 0.0001) are oppositely related to CVD risk. |
Talayero et al. [23] | case-control study | Obese subjects (n = 20) vs normal weight subjects (n = 20) | 51 vs 51 | 35 % vs 35 % | 13.2 vs 7.5 | 11.9 vs 6.7 | 153 vs 83 | 210 vs 187 | 50 vs 65 | 130 vs 105 | ApoCIII containing HDL particles (11.4 vs 5.2) and apoCIII concentration in HDL particles (11.9 vs 6.7) are significantly higher in obese subjects. |
Chang et al. [24] | case-control study | CVD patients (n = 90) vs non-CVD patients (n = 200) | 57.4 vs 53.4 | 80 % vs 48 % | 17.4 vs 18.9 | 12.3 vs 9.4 | 261.9 vs 223.2 | 244.8 vs 224.3 | 37.0 vs 42.5 | 174.6 vs 165.5 | HDL apoCIII to VLDL apoCIII ratio is considered as a more reliable marker to predict CVD (OR, 2.04; 95 % CI, 1.46–2.84; P < 0.0001). |
Xiong et al. [25] | case-control study | CVD patients (n = 120) vs Non-CVD patients (n = 80) | 55.5 vs 51.3 | 76.7 % vs 55.0 % | 12.0 vs 12.7 | 25.1vs 21.0b | 155.8 vs 143.4 | 173.4 vs 181.9 | 39.4 vs 47.9 | 111.2 vs 117.0 | HDL apoCIII is an independent predictor of CVD (OR, 1.04; 95 % CI, 1.00–1.08; P = 0.039). |