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Table 1 Sample characteristics weighted for the research

From: Bone mineral density saturation as influenced by the visceral adiposity index in adults older than 20 years: a population-based study

Visceral adiposity index

Quartile1

(<0.90)

Quartile2

(0.90–1.45)

Quartile3

(1.45–2.43)

Quartile4

(>2.43)

P-value

N = 1562

 N = 1559

 N = 1568

 N = 1568

Age (year)

48.437 ± 15.714

49.878 ± 15.585

50.804 ± 15.744

51.487 ± 14.574

< 0.00001

Gender(%)

    

0.70799

Male

49.964

49.854

48.814

50.943

 

Female

50.036

50.146

51.186

49.057

 

Race(%)

    

< 0.00001

Mexican American

5.686

7.337

10.567

10.788

 

Other Hispanic

4.440

5.915

6.188

6.550

 

Non-Hispanic White

64.674

69.232

66.231

69.574

 

Non-Hispanic Black

17.490

10.751

8.874

4.927

 

Other Race - Including Multi-Racial

7.710

6.766

8.141

8.161

 

Education level(%)

    

< 0.00001

Less than 9th grade

4.398

5.031

6.578

8.277

 

9-11th grade

9.358

10.306

12.950

15.147

 

High school graduate

21.213

23.704

24.154

27.559

 

Some college or AA degree

27.860

29.408

30.550

29.419

 

College graduate or above

37.155

31.378

25.695

19.473

 

Smoked at least 100 cigarettes(%)

    

< 0.00001

Yes

39.581

44.019

46.672

52.045

 

No

60.389

55.981

53.328

47.845

 

Moderate activities(%)

    

< 0.00001

Yes

53.219

45.279

42.290

36.774

 

No

46.781

54.721

57.710

63.226

 

Diagnosed diabetes(%)

    

< 0.00001

Yes

5.456

6.199

11.068

16.063

 

No

93.207

91.961

86.199

80.229

 

Ratio of family income to poverty

3.180 ± 1.634

3.174 ± 1.639

2.974 ± 1.618

2.841 ± 1.627

0.00001

ALT (U/L)

23.578 ± 22.773

23.635 ± 13.679

25.392 ± 15.283

29.135 ± 19.956

< 0.00001

ALP (U/L)

63.843 ± 21.543

66.892 ± 21.588

70.168 ± 21.739

72.932 ± 25.882

< 0.00001

AST (U/L)

26.349 ± 23.851

24.493 ± 17.757

24.469 ± 11.560

26.489 ± 17.582

0.00057

Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L)

4.830 ± 1.751

4.774 ± 1.751

4.726 ± 1.869

4.985 ± 2.078

0.00080

Creatinine (µmol/L)

77.542 ± 28.015

77.479 ± 21.326

77.980 ± 32.071

78.150 ± 29.516

0.88565

Phosphorus (mmol/L)

1.195 ± 0.174

1.172 ± 0.172

1.155 ± 0.178

1.181 ± 0.175

< 0.00001

Total calcium (mmol/L)

2.339 ± 0.082

2.344 ± 0.088

2.342 ± 0.089

2.346 ± 0.087

0.13385

Total protein (g/dL)

7.085 ± 0.463

7.069 ± 0.437

7.101 ± 0.439

7.144 ± 0.443

0.00002

Total Cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.806 ± 0.926

4.950 ± 0.962

5.069 ± 1.069

5.379 ± 1.201

< 0.00001

Triglyceride (mmol/L)

0.668 ± 0.193

1.030 ± 0.219

1.418 ± 0.307

2.700 ± 2.159

< 0.00001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.787 ± 0.422

1.482 ± 0.319

1.280 ± 0.271

1.064 ± 0.239

< 0.00001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.713 ± 0.772

2.995 ± 0.843

3.139 ± 0.962

3.147 ± 1.000

< 0.00001

BMI (kg/m2)

25.526 ± 5.156

27.530 ± 5.381

29.494 ± 5.685

30.614 ± 5.538

< 0.00001

Waist Circumference (cm)

90.035 ± 13.466

95.962 ± 13.599

101.192 ± 13.894

104.786 ± 13.047

< 0.00001

Total femur bone mineral density (g/cm2)

0.949 ± 0.157

0.953 ± 0.159

0.970 ± 0.155

0.988 ± 0.156

< 0.00001

  1. Note: For continuously varying variables, mean +/- SD: By using a weighted linear regression model, the P-value was computed
  2. % is a category variable: Using the weighted chi-square test, the P-value was determined
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X