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Table 4 Stratified analysis of the DII and risk of death from all causes among patients with hyperlipidaemia, NHANES 2001ā€“2010

From: Correlation between dietary inflammation and mortality among hyperlipidemics

Ā 

1st tertile

HR (95% CI)

2nd tertile

HR (95% CI)

3rd tertile

HR (95% CI)

P for trend

P for interaction

Age

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.025

ā€ƒ<65

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.312 (1.066,1.616)

1.263 (1.020,1.564)

0.044

Ā 

ā€ƒā‰„65

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.110 (0.976,1.263)

1.169 (1.032,1.324)

0.015

Ā 

Sex

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.876

ā€ƒFemale

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.231 (1.072,1.413)

1.250 (1.043,1.497)

0.031

Ā 

ā€ƒMale

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.159 (1.017,1.320)

1.195 (1.043,1.369)

0.007

Ā 

Race

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.631

ā€ƒWhite

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.205 (1.082,1.342)

1.245 (1.114,1.393)

<ā€‰0.001

Ā 

ā€ƒBlack

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.163 (0.878,1.540)

1.294 (0.993,1.688)

0.048

Ā 

ā€ƒMexican

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.086 (0.813,1.451)

0.855 (0.636,1.149)

0.291

Ā 

ā€ƒOthers

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.125 (0.712,1.776)

0.981 (0.541,1.778)

0.934

Ā 

Education level

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.036

ā€ƒLess high school

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

0.998 (0.844,1.180)

1.074 (0.929,1.242)

0.291

Ā 

ā€ƒHigh school

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.183 (0.968,1.445)

1.186 (1.006,1.398)

0.049

Ā 

ā€ƒAbove high school

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.299 (1.127,1.497)

1.394 (1.177,1.650)

<ā€‰0.001

Ā 

BMI group

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.816

ā€ƒNormal

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.222 (0.984,1.518)

1.303 (1.079,1.573)

0.006

Ā 

ā€ƒOverweight

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.234 (1.036,1.471)

1.276 (1.093,1.489)

0.002

Ā 

ā€ƒObesity

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.134 (0.959,1.340)

1.123 (0.929,1.358)

0.260

Ā 

PIR group

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.203

ā€ƒ<1.3

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.062 (0.884,1.277)

1.193 (0.963,1.478)

0.088

Ā 

ā€ƒ1.3ā€“3.5

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.118 (0.970,1.289)

1.236 (1.077,1.419)

0.003

Ā 

ā€ƒ>3.5

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.368 (1.145,1.633)

1.158 (0.964,1.390)

0.044

Ā 

Smoker

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.163

ā€ƒNo

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.125 (0.858,1.476)

1.005 (0.784,1.290)

0.875

Ā 

ā€ƒYes

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.185 (1.070,1.312)

1.288 (1.163,1.427)

<ā€‰0.001

Ā 

Drinker

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.162

ā€ƒNo

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.227 (1.059,1.421)

1.163 (0.976,1.387)

0.142

Ā 

ā€ƒYes

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.151 (1.010,1.313)

1.299 (1.125,1.499)

<ā€‰0.001

Ā 

Hypertension

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.387

ā€ƒNo

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.291 (1.081,1.541)

1.316 (1.093,1.583)

0.003

Ā 

ā€ƒYes

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.143 (1.021,1.280)

1.167 (1.034,1.317)

0.016

Ā 

Diabetes

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.003

ā€ƒNo

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.236 (1.101,1.387)

1.339 (1.210,1.482)

<ā€‰0.001

Ā 

ā€ƒYes

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.068 (0.913,1.249)

0.967 (0.811,1.154)

0.665

Ā 

CVD

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

0.683

ā€ƒNo

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.213 (1.100,1.337)

1.195 (1.075,1.328)

0.001

Ā 

ā€ƒYes

refā€‰=ā€‰1.00

1.132 (0.924,1.386)

1.230 (1.042,1.451)

0.017

Ā 
  1. Complex sampling weights were considered for all analyses in NHANES.
  2. Abbreviations: DII: Dietary Inflammatory Index;HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ref, reference
  3. Adjusted for sex, age and race, body mass index, educational level, poverty income ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, anti-diabetic drugs, and anti-hypertensive drugs. The calibration factors are excepted from the stratification factor