Association of the habitual dietary intake with the fatty liver index and effect modification by metabotypes in the population-based KORA-Fit study

Schepp, M.; Freuer, D.; Wawro, N.; Peters, A.; Heier, M.; Teupser, D.; Meisinger, C.; Linseisen, J.

doi:10.1186/s12944-024-02094-0

Lipids in Health and Disease

Table 4 Associations of food groups and dietary patterns with FLI, overall and stratified by metabotype cluster^a

From: Association of the habitual dietary intake with the fatty liver index and effect modification by metabotypes in the population-based KORA-Fit study

Food items	ß-estimate	95% CI	p-value	Adjusted p-value**
Total participants (n = 689)
Total fruits [g/d]	0.006	(-0.026; 0.037)	0.715	0.739
Total vegetables [g/d]	-0.028	(-0.079; 0.022)	0.271	0.316
Total nuts [g/d]	-0.221	(-0.42; -0.022)	*0.029*	*0.041*
Total meat [g/d]	0.466	(0.389; 0.543)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
Beef [g/d]	0.801	(0.229; 1.372)	*0.006*	*0.011*
Pork [g/d]	1.016	(0.694; 1.338)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
Poultry [g/d]	0.557	(0.271; 0.842)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
Total fish [g/d]	0.325	(0.173; 0.478)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
Total eggs [g/d]	0.607	(0.42; 0.794)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
Total dairy [g/d]	-0.004	(-0.029; 0.021)	0.739	0.739
Whole grains [g/d]	-0.221	(-0.347; -0.095)	*0.001*	*0.001*
Softdrinks [g/d]	0.024	(0.002; 0.045)	*0.033*	*0.041*
AHEI	-0.908	(-1.163; -0.654)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
MDS	-1.913	(-3.353; -0.473)	*0.009*	*0.014*
Food items	ß-estimate	95% CI	p-value	Adjusted p-value**
Metabotype 1 (n = 140)
Total fruits [g/d]	-0.008	(-0.074; 0.057)	0.805	0.835
Total vegetables [g/d]	-0.041	(-0.161; 0.079)	0.504	0.672
Total nuts [g/d]	0.032	(-0.328; 0.392)	0.861	0.861
Total meat [g/d]	0.273	(0.081; 0.464)	*0.006*	*0.016*
Beef [g/d]	0.207	(-0.801; 1.215)	0.685	0.781
Pork [g/d]	0.605	(-0.269; 1.479)	0.173	0.276
Poultry [g/d]	0.884	(0.103; 1.665)	*0.027*	0.058
Total fish [g/d]	0.359	(-0.029; 0.746)	0.069	0.129
Total eggs [g/d]	0.538	(0.076; 1)	*0.023*	0.053
Total dairy [g/d]	0.012	(-0.033; 0.057)	0.591	0.719
Whole grains [g/d]	-0.206	(-0.51; 0.098)	0.182	0.276
Softdrinks [g/d]	0.03	(-0.015; 0.075)	0.187	0.276
AHEI	-0.505	(-1.114; 0.103)	0.103	0.18
MDS	-1.069	(-4.678; 2.541)	0.559	0.711
Food items	ß-estimate	95% CI	p-value	Adjusted p-value**
Metabotypes 2 and 3 (summarized) (n = 549)
Total fruits [g/d]	0.006	(-0.029; 0.042)	0.725	0.781
Total vegetables [g/d]	-0.021	(-0.076; 0.034)	0.457	0.64
Total nuts [g/d]	-0.32	(-0.554; -0.085)	*0.008*	*0.019*
Total meat [g/d]	0.487	(0.404; 0.571)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
Beef [g/d]	1.002	(0.322; 1.682)	*0.004*	*0.012*
Pork [g/d]	1.083	(0.734; 1.433)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
Poultry [g/d]	0.516	(0.208; 0.824)	*0.001*	*0.004*
Total fish [g/d]	0.3	(0.136; 0.465)	< *0.001*	*0.002*
Total eggs [g/d]	0.629	(0.424; 0.834)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
Total dairy [g/d]	-0.006	(-0.036; 0.024)	0.711	0.781
Whole grains [g/d]	-0.234	(-0.371; -0.097)	*0.001*	*0.004*
Softdrinks [g/d]	0.026	(0; 0.051)	*0.046*	0.091
AHEI	-0.987	(-1.264; -0.709)	< *0.001*	< *0.001*
MDS	-2.352	(-3.911; -0.792)	*0.003*	*0.011*

^alinear regression models adjusted for sex, age, physical activity, education years, smoking status, energy intake, and metabotype cluster. CI, confidence interval
^** False discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted

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