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Table 2 Effect of quercetin, riboflavin, and δ-tocotrienol (concentrations of 5 μM-40 μM) in RAW 264.7 cells on proteasomal activities (chymotrypsin, trypsin, post-glutamase) for a duration of 1 h1

From: Suppression of nitric oxide induction and pro-inflammatory cytokines by novel proteasome inhibitors in various experimental models

#

Assay mixture2

Chmotrypsin-like

Ttypsin-like

Post-glutamase

  

Avg RLU value

Avg RLU value

Avg RLU value

1

1. Media and Cells

107,890

92,168

101,874

2

2. DMSO Control3

139,693 (100)4

107,753 (100)4

106,034 (100)4

 

Quercetin-HCL

   

3

   5 μM

133,414 (96)

84,039 (78)

105,301 (99)

4

   10 μM

133,089 (95)

80,517 (75)

102,821 (97)

5

   20 μM

116,890 (84)

69,853 (65)

99,211 (94)

6

   40 μM

70,543 (50)

40,776 (38)

63,012 (59)

 

Riboflavin

   

7

   5 μM

143,069 (102)

88,251 (82)

102,858 (96)

8

   10 μM

131,181 (94)

86,255 (80)

101,169 (95)

9

   20 μM

120.900 (87)

83,533 (78)

100,199 (94)

10

   40 μM

120,720 (86)

80,054 (74)

97,495 (92)

 

δ-Tocotrienol*

   

11

   5 μM

119,147 (85)

93,331 (87)

106,844 (101)

12

   10 μM

116,001 (83)

91,939 (85)

103,108 (97)

13

   20 μM

114,996 (82)

86,700 (80)

95,236 (90)

14

   40 μM

77,882 (56)

86,006 (80)

88,735 (84)

  1. 1Proteasome-Glo (Promega) chymotrypsin-Like, trypsin-Like, and post-glutamase cell-based assays were used. 10,000 cells were plated per well (in 100 μL of media) in a 96-well white plate. Cells were allowed to adhere to plates for 2 h prior testing.
  2. 2Each assay were carried out according to Promega Protocols, and plates were read with a Luminometer to give relative luminescence units (RLU) values.
  3. 3Media + cells + 0.4% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as control.
  4. All concentrations of each compound contain 0.4% DMSO. 4Percentages of control values are in parenthesis.
  5. *Similar values were observed for this range of reference [9] in Lipids in Health and Disease 2010, 9: 143.