FA [% FAME] | Test group - linseed oil mix (LO) (n = 23) | Control group - olive oil (OO) (n = 15) | LO x OO | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day 0 | Day 7 | Day 56 | Day 0 | Day 7 | Day 56 | Day 56 | |
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | P 1 | |
SFA | |||||||
C16:0 | 17.1 ± 2.20a | 16.9 ± 2.14ab | 15.9 ± 1.75b | 17.0 ± 1.55 | 16.9 ± 1.89 | 16.6 ± 2.18 | 0.590 |
C18:0 | 16.7 ± 3.82 | 15.9 ± 3.08 | 15.8 ± 2.78 | 16.3 ± 2.71 | 15.3 ± 1.60 | 16.1 ± 2.25 | 0.672 |
n-9 MUFA | |||||||
C18:1n-9 (OA) | 27.0 ± 3.76b | 26.6 ± 3.00b | 28.0 ± 2.93a | 26.4 ± 2.47b | 27.8 ± 1.75a | 27.9 ± 2.59a | 0.222 |
Total n-9 | 27.4 ± 3.78b | 27.0 ± 3.01b | 28.4 ± 2.92a | 26.8 ± 2.49b | 28.3 ± 1.76a | 28.4 ± 2.55a | 0.206 |
n-6 PUFA | |||||||
C18:2n-6 (LA) | 16.6 ± 2.01b | 18.2 ± 4.79ab | 17.4 ± 1.93a | 17.9 ± 2.04 | 17.8 ± 1.90 | 16.6 ± 1.61 | 0.070 |
C18:3n-6 | 0.10 ± 0.03a | 0.09 ± 0.03b | 0.10 ± 0.04ab | 0.09 ± 0.03 | 0.10 ± 0.02 | 0.11 ± 0.03 | 0.306 |
C20:3n-6 | 1.20 ± 0.28 | 1.13 ± 0.33 | 1.18 ± 0.25 | 1.09 ± 0.13b | 1.09 ± 0.22b | 1.18 ± 0.23a | 0.108 |
C20:4n-6 (AA) | 3.15 ± 0.74 | 3.18 ± 0.89 | 3.30 ± 0.73 | 3.58 ± 0.74 | 3.61 ± 0.68 | 3.71 ± 0.69 | 0.215 |
C22:5n- 6 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.07 ± 0.05 | 0.07 ± 0.01b | 0.07 ± 0.02b | 0.08 ± 0.02a | 0.259 |
Total n-6 | 21.6 ± 2.51b | 23.2 ± 4.70ab | 22.6 ± 2.33a | 23.4 ± 2.18 | 23.3 ± 1.94 | 22.3 ± 1.89 | 0.350 |
n-3 PUFA | |||||||
C18:3n-3 (ALA) | 0.27 ± 0.10c | 0.39 ± 0.09b | 0.50 ± 0.18a | 0.31 ± 0.18 | 0.25 ± 0.06 | 0.26 ± 0.11 | 0.001 |
C20:4n-3 (ETA) | 0.06 ± 0.03c | 0.08 ± 0.05b | 0.11 ± 0.03a | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.001 |
C20:5n-3 (EPA) | 0.21 ± 0.08b | 0.23 ± 0.09b | 0.33 ± 0.11a | 0.22 ± 0.08 | 0.24 ± 0.11 | 0.22 ± 0.07 | 0.001 |
C22:5n-3 (DPA) | 0.20 ± 0.07b | 0.20 ± 0.08b | 0.30 ± 0.10a | 0.27 ± 0.09 | 0.29 ± 0.10 | 0.26 ± 0.09 | 0.006 |
C22:6n-3 (DHA) | 0.77 ± 0.24 | 0.83 ± 0.34 | 0.76 ± 0.28 | 0.82 ± 0.28 | 0.82 ± 0.29 | 0.76 ± 0.22 | 0.796 |
Total n-3 | 1.62 ± 0.37c | 1.87 ± 0.50b | 2.16 ± 0.58a | 1.77 ± 0.51 | 1.75 ± 0.45 | 1.70 ± 0.42 | 0.001 |
Sum | |||||||
Σ SFA | 40.8 ± 6.23a | 39.6 ± 6.01ab | 38.3 ± 4.69b | 39.8 ± 3.31 | 38.8 ± 2.78 | 39.5 ± 4.48 | 0.616 |
Σ MUFA | 35.9 ± 5.04 | 35.3 ± 3.92 | 36.8 ± 4.19 | 34.9 ± 2.65b | 36.0 ± 2.31a | 36.4 ± 3.23a | 0.294 |
Σ PUFA | 23.3 ± 2.72b | 25.2 ± 4.65b | 24.9 ± 2.66a | 25.3 ± 2.46 | 25.2 ± 1.93 | 24.1 ± 1.85 | 0.099 |
Ratio | |||||||
n-6/n-3 | 13.9 ± 3.22a | 13.5 ± 5.63a | 11.0 ± 2.44b | 13.9 ± 2.75 | 14.1 ± 3.63 | 13.9 ± 3.75 | 0.001 |
AA/EPA | 15.9 ± 4.33a | 14.8 ± 4.19a | 10.6 ± 2.49b | 17.5 ± 5.50 | 17.1 ± 5.64 | 18.2 ± 7.00 | 0.001 |