Dysfunctional HDL and progression of atherosclerosis in HIV-1-infected and -uninfected adults

Table 2 Univariate associations of nDOR with baseline variables

	HIV-1+ subjects		Control subjects
Covariate	Parameter estimate (95% CI)	P value	Parameter estimate (95% CI)	P value
	Baseline nDOR (normalized ratio).
HDL Cholesterol (ref: ≥35 mg/dl)	0.357 (0.114, 0.601)	0.007	0.365 (0.029, 0.701)	0.034
Body mass index (per 1 kg/m ² increase)	0.032 (-0.005, 0.069)	0.086	(-)	(-)
Waist circumference (ref: <90 cm)	(-)	(-)	0.231 (-0.044,0.506)	0.097
Waist/Hip ratio (per 0.1 unit increase)	0.212 (0.035, 0.388)	0.022	0.215 (-0.019, 0.448)	0.071
	Yearly rate of change in nDOR (normalized ratio/yr).
Male sex	0.156 (-0.018, 0.329)	0.078	0.067 (-0.001, 0.144)	0.085
White vs Non-White	0.119 (0.033, 0.206)	0.008	(-)	(-)
Body mass index (per 1 kg/m ² increase)	(-)	(-)	-0.010 (-0.020, 0.0001)	0.051
Reported Nadir CD4 (ref: <200 cells/mm ³ )	0.083 (0.039, 0.128)	<0.001	(-)	(-)
Baseline CIMT (per 1 μm decrease)	0.474 (0.229, 0.719)	<0.001	(-)	(-)
HDL Cholesterol (ref: ≥35 mg/dl)	-0.055 (-0.109, -0.001)	0.046	(-)	(-)
Insulin (per 10 mU/l decrease)	(-)	(-)	0.120 (0.056, 0.184)	<0.001
LPS (per 100 pg/ml decrease)	(-)	(-)	0.005 (0.002, 0.008)	0.005

The baseline variables considered for all subjects were age, gender, race, fasting lipid measurements [total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and non-HDL cholesterol], use of lipid lowering drugs, fasting glucose, body mass index, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homocysteine, sCD14, LPS, and CIMT. For the HIV-1-infected subjects, additional covariates included years of PI use, CD4+ T-cell count, and nadir CD4+ T-cell count.

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