Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
Characteristic | Men n = 391 | Women n = 418 | Significance (p) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | 46.6 ± 8.7 | 47.5 ± 8.8 | 0.130 |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | 0.885 |
Aboriginal | 90 (23.0%) | 101 (24.2%) | Â |
Chinese | 101 (25.8%) | 115 (27.5%) | Â |
European | 98 (25.1%) | 99 (23.7%) | Â |
South Asian | 102 (26.1%) | 103 (24.6%) | Â |
Current smoker | 50 (12.8%) | 38 (9.1%) | 0.058 |
Family history of CVD present (%) | 171 (43.7%) | 186 (44%) | 0.827 |
Physical activity (min/week) | 225 (97, 444) | 208 (95, 413) | 0.171 |
BMI | 27.6 ± 4.3 | 27.4 ± 5.2 | 0.520 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 92.7 ± 11.1 | 85.3 ± 12.1 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.25 ± 0.97 | 5.24 ± 1.03 | 0.925 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.13 ± 0.29 | 1.43 ± 0.36 | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.47 (0.99, 2.23) | 1.18 (0.83, 1.63) | < 0.001 |
Without HTGW | 134 (35.5%) | 168 (40.8%) | 0.008 |
Elevated TG | 31 (8.2%) | 57 (13.8%) | Â |
Elevated WC | 128 (34.0%) | 117 (28.4%) | Â |
HTGW | 84 (22.3%) | 70 (17%) | Â |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.30 (5.00, 5.60) | 5.10 (4.80, 5.40) | < 0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 117 (110, 124) | 115 (106, 125) | 0.035 |
Intima-media thickness (mm) | 0.68 (0.60, 0.77) | 0.63 (0.58, 0.70) | < 0.001 |
Total area (mm2) | 16.60 (13.14, 23.99) | 14.24 (12.00, 20.51) | < 0.001 |
Presence of plaque | 213 (54.5%) | 191 (45.7%) | 0.008 |