Effects of cardiovascular lifestyle change on lipoprotein subclass profiles defined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Table 1 Lipoprotein subclass measurements and physiological variables at baseline by case/control status

Variable	Controls (n = 73)	Participants (n = 73)	p value^a
Lipoprotein subclass ^b
VLDL and chylomicron particle concentrations (nmol/L)
Total VLDL and chylomicron particles	82.0 ± 45.3	87.5 ± 39.6	0.15
Large VLDL and chylomicron particles	4.6 ± 6.3	8.2 ± 6.8	< 0.01^c
Medium VLDL particles	38.1 ± 28.5	39.7 ± 25.7	0.50^c
Small VLDL particles	39.3 ± 19.9	39.7 ± 17.2	0.90
LDL particle concentrations (nmol/L)
Total LDL particles	1253 ± 367	1437 ± 477	0.01
Large LDL particles	337 ± 211	251 ± 218	< 0.01^c
Intermediate LDL particles	45.8 ± 38.5	72.6 ± 50.2	< 0.01^c
Small LDL particles	870 ± 434	1113 ± 478	< 0.01
HDL particle concentrations (μmol/L)
Total HDL particles	34.7 ± 6.7	32.1 ± 5.6	0.01
Large HDL particles	6.4 ± 3.5	4.6 ± 3.4	< 0.01
Medium HDL particles	5.2 ± 4.9	5.9 ± 4.8	0.25^c
Small HDL particles	23.1 ± 7.0	21.7 ± 5.8	0.17
Mean particle sizes (nm)
VLDL size	50.6 ± 9.0	55.6 ± 10.4	< 0.01
LDL size	20.7 ± 0.9	20.2 ± 0.8	< 0.01
HDL size	8.9 ± 0.4	8.6 ± 0.3	< 0.01
Physiological variables ^d
Age	60.0 ± 7.8	60.3 ± 8.0	0.79
Body mass index (kg/m²)	28.2 ± 3.7	34.0 ± 7.0	< 0.01
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	133 ± 17	136 ± 17	0.12^c
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	78.9 ± 9.2	80.8 ± 9.8	0.50^c
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)	50.5 ± 13.7	43.7 ± 13.1	< 0.01^c
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)	111 ± 33	111 ± 39	0.64^c
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	191 ± 42	193 ± 47	0.82
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	148 ± 100	189 ± 99	< 0.01
Physical fitness (Bruce score)	10.4 ± 2.8	6.6 ± 2.2	< 0.01
Framingham risk (× 100)	7.4 ± 6.8	10.7 ± 8.5	0.02^c

Values are presented as mean ± SD. a: tested by independent samples Student-t test, b: there was no missing data, c: tested by a nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test because data was not normally distributed after LN transformation, d: there was < 3.2% missing data.

ISSN: 1476-511X