Monitoring the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in model systems using response surface methodology

Min, Joong-Seok; Lee, Sang-Ok; Khan, Muhammad Issa; Yim, Dong Gyun; Seol, Kuk-Hwan; Lee, Mooha; Jo, Cheorun

doi:10.1186/s12944-015-0074-6

Lipids in Health and Disease

Table 3 The changes in COPs contents (mg) in cholesterol with or without unsaturated fatty acids during heating at 100 °C

From: Monitoring the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in model systems using response surface methodology

Treat	Hour	7β-OH^***	20α-OH^***	25-OH^***	Triol^***	α-epoxide^***	7-keto^***	Total amount of COPs
C	1	n.d.^d	n.d.^f	0.07 ± 0.00^bc	n.d.^d	0.02 ± 0.01^ghi	0.03 ± 0.00^bc	0.11 ± 0.002^ef
	3	0.08 ± 0.01^d	0.11 ± 0.01^e	0.05 ± 0.01^bcd	n.d.^d	0.02 ± 0.00^ghi	0.05 ± 0.00^b	0.31 ± 0.03^ef
	5	0.01 ± 0.00^d	n.d.^f	0.01 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^d	n.d.ⁱ	n.d.^c	0.01 ± 0.001^f
	10	n.d.^d	0.02 ± 0.00^f	0.01 ± 0.00^ef	n.d.^d	n.d.ⁱ	n.d.^c	0.03 ± 0.01^f
CL₁	1	1.47 ± 0.18^b	0.21 ± 0.03^c	0.06 ± 0.01^bc	n.d.^d	0.02 ± 0.00^fgh	n.d.^c	1.76 ± 0.22^b
(1:20)	3	n.d.^d	0.02 ± 0.00^f	0.003 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^d	0.13 ± 0.01^b	n.d.^c	0.15 ± 0.01^ef
	5	n.d.^d	0.03 ± 0.01^f	0.01 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^d	0.16 ± 0.02^a	n.d.^c	0.19 ± 0.03^ef
	10	n.d.^d	0.26 ± 0.08^b	0.06 ± 0.01^bc	n.d.^d	0.03 ± 0.01^efgh	0.35 ± 0.09^a	0.69 ± 0.18^d
CL₂	1	1.29 ± 0.08^b	0.17 ± 0.01^d	0.08 ± 0.01^b	0.02 ± 0.00^a	0.03 ± 0.00^defg	0.06 ± 0.00^b	1.64 ± 0.10^b
(1:100)	3	n.d.^d	0.002 ± 0.00^f	0.16 ± 0.07^a	0.01 ± 0.00^b	0.05 ± 0.01^cd	n.d.^c	0.22 ± 0.09^ef
	5	0.01 ± 0.00^d	0.01 ± 0.00^f	0.004 ± 0.00^f	0.01 ± 0.00^c	n.d.ⁱ	n.d.^c	0.04 ± 0.004^f
	10	n.d.^d	0.01 ± 0.00^f	0.002 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^d	n.d.ⁱ	n.d.^c	0.01 ± 0.002^f
CO₁	1	0.66 ± 0.03^c	0.29 ± 002^b	0.04 ± 0.00^cde	n.d.^d	0.01 ± 0.00^hi	n.d.^c	1.01 ± 0.05^c
(1:20)	3	n.d.^d	0.0003 ± 0.00^f	0.01 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^d	0.04 ± 0.00^def	n.d.^c	0.05 ± 0.003^f
	5	n.d.^d	0.02 ± 0.00^f	0.01 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^d	0.12 ± 0.02^b	n.d.^c	0.15 ± 0.03^ef
	10	n.d.^d	0.36 ± 0.05^a	0.02 ± 0.00^def	n.d.^d	0.03 ± 0.00^defg	n.d.^c	0.42 ± 0.06^de
CO₂	1	3.79 ± 0.63^a	0.18 ± 0.02^cd	0.06 ± 0.01^bc	0.02 ± 0.00^a	0.03 ± 0.00^def	0.05 ± 0.00^b	4.12 ± 0.67^a
(1:100)	3	n.d.^d	0.004 ± 0.00^f	0.006 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^d	0.06 ± 0.03^c	n.d.^c	0.07 ± 0.03^f
	5	n.d.^d	0.01 ± 0.00^f	0.003 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^d	0.04 ± 0.00^de	n.d.^c	0.05 ± 0.01^f
	10	n.d.^d	0.01 ± 0.00^f	n.d.^f	n.d.^d	n.d.ⁱ	n.d.^c	0.01 ± 0.001^f

C cholesterol (50 mg), L linoleic acid, O: oleic acid, CL ₁ cholesterol (50 mg) : linoleic acid (1 g) = 1 : 20, CL ₂ cholesterol (50 mg) : linoleic acid (5 g) =1 : 100, CO ₁ cholesterol (50 mg) : oleic acid (1 g) = 1 : 20, CO ₂ cholesterol (50 mg) : oleic acid (5 g) = 1 : 100
7β-OH 7β-hydroxycholesterol, 20α-OH 7α-hydroxy-cholesterol, 25-OH 25-hydroxycholesterol, Triol Cholestanetriol, α-epoxide 5,6α-epoxycholesterol, 7-keto: 7-ketocholesterol
^*** P < 0.001. n.d not detected
^a–i Means ± SE with different superscript in the same column differ significantly

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