Table 4 Differences in various metabolic parameters according to FNDC5 gene SNPs

BMI (kg/m²)

27.2 ± 6.4

28.3 ± 6.3

29.6 ± 6.5

0.030*

27.9 ± 6.6

28.2 ± 6.8

28.0 ± 6.1

0.93

Insulin (μIU/mL)#

13.54 ± 7.5

16.1 ± 9.5

15.8 ± 9.2

0.24

16.0 ± 8.4

14.8 ± 8.4

15.6 ± 9.6

0.70

HOMA-IR #

4.8 ± 3.9

5.7 ± 4.6

5.2 ± 3.9

0.17

5.8 ± 4.0

5.1 ± 3.6

5.4 ± 4.6

0.64

Glucose (mmol/l)

7.5 ± 3.5

7.3 ± 3.4

7.2 ± 3.4

0.78

7.8 ± 3.5

7.4 ± 3.4

7.4 ± 3.6

0.92

Total Cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.1 ± 1.1

5.1 ± 1.1

5.3 1 ± 1.1

0.66

5.2 ± 1.1

5.2 ± 1.2

5.2 ± 1.1

0.90

HDL-Cholesterol (mmol/l)

0.87 ± 0.3

0.84 ± 0.3

0.94 ± 0.4‡

0.015

0.89 ± 0.3

0.85 ± 0.3

0.89 ± 0.3

0.20

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.45 ± 0.6

1.55 ± 0.5

1.55 ± 0.58

0.13

1.31 ± 0.5

1.58 ± 0.6

1.53 ± 0.5

0.019*

LDL-Cholesterol (mmol/l)

3.60 ± 0.9

3.55 ± 1.0

3.61 ± 1.0

0.80

3.66 ± 0.8

3.60 ± 1.1

3.57 ± 0.9

0.23

Irisin (μg/ml)#

0.70 ± 0.6

0.63 ± 0.5

0.77 ± 0.7

0.62

0.50 ± 0.3

0.77 ± 0.5

0.89 ± 0.7

0.10

Variables

TT

GT

GG

P

GG

AG

AA

P

BMI (kg/m²) (mmol/l)

28.4 ± 6.4

28.4 ± 6.8

28.3 ± 6.1

0.94

28.3 ± 4.7

27.9 ± 6.2

28.4 ± 6.5

0.62

Insulin (μIU/mL)#

21.1 ± 11.5‡

14.6 ± 8.2

15.5 ± 9.3

0.029*

14.9 ± 10.1

14.6 ± 8.8

15.8 ± 9.2

0.74

HOMA-IR#

9.5 ± 7.4‡

5.0 ± 3.6

5.2 ± 4.1

0.002*

3.7 ± 2.1

5.4 ± 4.6

5.4 ± 4.1

0.56

Glucose (mmol/l)

8.0 ± 3.9

7.3 ± 3.3

7.3 ± 3.5

0.93

6.7 ± 2.7

7.7 ± 3.8

7.2 ± 3.4

0.40

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.2 ± 1.2

5.1 ± 1.2

5.2 ± 1.1

0.73

4.8 ± 0.7

5.2 ± 1.0

5.1 ± 1.2

0.54

HDL-Cholesterol (mmol/l)

0.86 ± 0.4

0.84 ± 0 .3

0.90 ± 0.35

0.08

0.85 ± 0.2

0.85 ± 0.2

0.89 ± 0.3

0.67

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.44 ± 0.6

1.54 ± 0.6

1.53 ± 0.57

0.54

1.52 ± 0.58

1.51 ± 0.6

1.55 ± 0.5

0.77

LDL-Cholesterol (mmol/l) (mmol/l)

3.66 ± 1.0

3.60 ± 1.1

3.5 ± 0.98

0.85

3.48 ± 0.52

3.57 ± 0.9

3.58 ± 1.0

0.93

Irisin (μg/ml) #

0.41 ± 0.3

0.71 ± 0.6

0.72 ± 0.6

0.016*

0.90 ± 0.6

0.64 ± 0.6

0.70 ± 0.6

0.54