Table 1 The clinical baseline characteristics of individuals

Demographic information

 N

247

208

455

-

 Age year

62.17 ± 8.37

63.54 ± 8.84

62.8 ± 8.61

0.016

 Height cm

157.2 ± 5.99

167.95 ± 6.33

162.12 ± 8.15

<0.001

 Weight kg

62.9 ± 11.3

71.05 ± 10.45

66.63 ± 11.65

<0.001

 SBP mmHg

134.95 ± 21.33

133.55 ± 19.02

134.3 ± 20.3

0.305

 DBP mmHg

81.2 ± 10.1

80.93 ± 10.16

81.08 ± 10.12

0.690

Lipid profile

 TCmmol/L

5.64 ± 1.08

5.06 ± 1.07

5.38 ± 1.11

<0.001

 TG mmol/L

1.99 ± 1.03

1.99 ± 1.34

1.99 ± 1.18

0.961

 HDL mmol/L

1.38 ± 0.29

1.19 ± 0.28

1.3 ± 0.31

<0.001

 LDL mmol/L

3.4 ± 0.86

3.14 ± 0.82

3.28 ± 0.85

<0.001

Glucose profile

 FPG mmol/L

7.11 ± 2.56

7.61 ± 2.82

7.34 ± 2.69

0.006

 PBG mmol/L

11.9 ± 4.25

12.07 ± 4.62

11.98 ± 4.42

0.583

 FINSuIml

11.09 ± 24.53

9.68 ± 24.23

10.45 ± 24.39

0.388

Renal function

 SCr μmolL

73.35 ± 23.1

90.93 ± 21.54

81.37 ± 24.04

<0.001

 UA μmolL

280.17 ± 77.45

319.48 ± 89.66

298.09 ± 85.47

<0.001

HRV indices

 HR bpm

74.96 ± 9.63

75.29 ± 11.27

75.11 ± 10.41

0.634

 TP ms²

763.34 ± 635.42

728.25 ± 734.89

747.3 ± 682.53

0.440

 LF ms²

152.57 ± 145.95

183.19 ± 293.24

166.57 ± 225.93

0.042

 HF ms²

163.58 ± 193.2

138.57 ± 182.1

152.15 ± 188.51

0.046

 LF/HF

1.66 ± 1.91

2.05 ± 2.33

1.84 ± 2.12

0.006

Medical history

 Smokingyes,%

4(1.62 %)

85(40.87 %)

89(19.56 %)

<0.001

 DMD year

4.86 ± 6.29

5.73 ± 6.62

5.24 ± 6.45

0.063

 HTNyes,%

318(64.37 %)

264(63.46 %)

582(63.96 %)

0.776

 HTND year

5.62 ± 9.05

7.41 ± 10.96

6.42 ± 9.99

0.008

 MetSyes,%

187(75.71 %)

143(68.75 %)

330(72.53 %)

0.019

 DCANyes,%

67(27.13 %)

65(31.25 %)

132(29.01 %)

0.172