Fig. 4
From: Sake lees extract improves hepatic lipid accumulation in high fat diet-fed mice
The SL extract decreases the mRNA levels of lipid and glucose metabolism related-factor in the liver. The three groups were humanely sacrificed at 8 week. The levels of mRNA (a) and protein levels (b) in the liver from each group of mice were determined by using RT-PCR and Western blot. Each mRNA or protein was normalized to β-actin mRNA or protein levels, and data are expressed with the value for the ND group defined as 1. a The mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CD36, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), and glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in the liver were significantly suppressed by treatment with the SL extract. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of five mice (ND group), nine mice (HFD group) and nine mice (SL extract group). b The protein levels of PPARγ, CD36, PPARα, and PCK1 in the liver were significantly suppressed by treatment with the SL extract. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of five mice (each group). Statistically significant differences between groups were determined using ANOVA; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. the HFD group