Powdered black cumin seeds strongly improves serum lipids, atherogenic index of plasma and modulates anthropometric features in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Table 3 Metabolic parameters and thyroid hormones in treatment groups before and after intervention

N	Powdered Black Cumin Treated	Placebo treated	P
N	N = 20	N = 20	P
FSG (mg/dl)
Before	86.60 ± 8.46	88.10 ± 8.56	0.58
After	84.90 ± 7.01	87.80 ± 6.03	0.16
P‡	0.31	0.85
Insulin (μIU/ml)
Before	10.62 ± 7.51	7.71 ± 4.12	0.14
After	29.18 ± 19.93	17.30 ± 9.16	0.023
P‡	< 0.001	< 0.001
HOMA-IR
Before	2.32 ± 1.71	1.67 ± 0.92	0.14
After	6.09 ± 4.06	3.76 ± 2.08	0.03
P‡	< 0.001	< 0.001
HDL (mg/dl)
Before	41.55 ± 4.67	41.70 ± 6.50	0.93
After	43.75 ± 3.72	40.57 ± 4.87	0.027
P‡	0.046	0.26
LDL (mg/dl)
Before	130.65 ± 30.68	105.00 ± 34.48	0.018
After	107.85 ± 36.99	108.90 ± 32.88	0.92
P‡	0.002	0.06
TG (mg/dl)
Before	177.10 ± 34.50	186.00 ± 66.63	0.59
After	156.00 ± 21.92	185.55 ± 74.98	0.11
P‡	0.02	0.93
TC (mg/dl)
Before	183.70 ± 45.72	179.10 ± 43.66	0.74
After	175.10 ± 29.06	180.70 ± 44.95	0.64
P‡	0.22	0.55
AIP
Before	0.62 ± 0.11	0.63 ± 0.15	0.86
After	0.54 ± 0.08	0.63 ± 0.16	0.04
P‡	< 0.001	0.68
Nesfatin-1 (ng/ml)
Before	41.80 ± 28.33	25.86 ± 20.91	0.049
After	37.63 ± 5.91	26.75 ± 23.95	0.175
P‡	0.34	0.69
TSH (mIU/l)
Before	6.42 ± 3.86	8.14 ± 7.28	0.35
After	4.13 ± 2.35	8.27 ± 7.21	0.02
P‡	0.03	0.40
T3 (mmol/l)
Before	0.92 ± 0.27	1.18 ± 0.36	0.017
After	1.06 ± 0.34	1.16 ± 0.35	0.39
P‡	0.008	0.15
T4 (mmol/l)
Before	8.07 ± 2.56	7.97 ± 3.11	0.91
After	8.89 ± 1.43	7.63 ± 2.23	0.04
P‡	0.21	0.32
Anti-TPO (IU/ml)
Before	294.55 ± 210.05	278.10 ± 170.77	0.78
After	147.99 ± 158.33	274.30 ± 167.20	0.01
P‡	0.019	0.28

Data are presented as mean ± SD. ^†P values for ANCOVA after adjustment for age, duration of the disease and baseline concentration of parameter; ‡P values for paired t-test. FSG fasting serum glucose, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, AIP atherogenic index of plasma, TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone, T3 triiodothyronine T4 thyroxine, TPO thyroid peroxidase
The bold data present the statistically significant values

ISSN: 1476-511X