Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study subjects by gender
|  | All (4597) | Men (2184) | Women (2413) | t/χ 2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yrs) | 47.4 ± 18.3 | 47.1 ± 18.3 | 47.8 ± 18.3 | 1.322 | 0.186 |
Height (cm) | 167.1 ± 10.1 | 174.3 ± 7.8 | 160.5 ± 7.1 | 61.562a | < 0.01 |
Weight (kg) | 81.5 ± 22.4 | 86.9 ± 21.8 | 76.5 ± 21.7 | 15.776a | < 0.01 |
BMI (kg/m− 2) | 29.1 ± 7.3 | 28.5 ± 6.5 | 29.6 ± 7.9 | 5.360a | < 0.01 |
BMI Category | |||||
 Underweight | 84 (1.9) | 38 (1.8) | 46 (2.0) | 63.541b | < 0.01 |
 Normal | 1278 (29.0) | 594 (28.3) | 684 (29.6) | ||
 Overweight | 1368 (31.1) | 767 (36.6) | 601 (26.1) | ||
 Obese | 1674 (38.0) | 698 (33.3) | 976 (42.3) | ||
Handgrip strength (kg) | 33.9 ± 10.4 | 41.5 ± 8.8 | 26.7 ± 5.7 | 61.850a | < 0.01 |
SBP (mm Hg) | 122.8 ± 17.7 | 124.5 ± 16.3 | 121.2 ± 18.8 | 6.197a | < 0.01 |
DBP (mm Hg) | 69.7 ± 11.4 | 70.8 ± 12.0 | 68.8 ± 10.8 | 5.562a | < 0.01 |
Smoking | 1944 (42.4) | 1096 (50.4) | 848 (35.2) | 107.976b | < 0.01 |
Drinking | 2855 (70.0) | 1579 (80.5) | 1276 (60.2) | 199.285b | < 0.01 |
Hypertension | 715 (16.7) | 355 (17.3) | 360 (16.1) | 0.985 | 0.321 |