Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants
Variables | EBB-induced refractory hemorrhage | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n = 91) | No (n = 568) | ||
Gender, n (%) | 0.305 | ||
Female | 16 (17.6) | 127 (22.4) | |
Male | 75 (82.4) | 441 (77.6) | |
Age (year), median (Q1-Q3) | 65 (59–72) | 65 (59–70) | 0.561 |
Weight (kg), median (Q1-Q3) | 59.5 (53.0–65.2) | 59.0 (53.0–66.0) | 0.794 |
Smoking, n (%) | 0.027 | ||
No | 24 (26.4) | 218 (38.4) | |
Yes | 67 (73.6) | 350 (61.6) | |
SBP (mmHg), median (Q1-Q3) | 129 (112–144) | 131 (119–145) | 0.285 |
DBP (mmHg), median (Q1-Q3) | 79.0 (71–88) | 78.0 (70–87) | 0.361 |
Coexisting Disease | |||
COPD, n (%) | 0.826 | ||
No | 84 (92.3) | 528 (93.0) | |
Yes | 7 (7.7) | 40 (7.0) | |
Hypertension, n (%) | 0.140 | ||
No | 63 (69.2) | 434 (76.4) | |
Yes | 28 (30.8) | 134 (23.6) | |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 0.294 | ||
No | 89 (97.8) | 538 (94.7) | |
Yes | 2 (2.2) | 30 (5.3) | |
CHD, n (%) | 1.000 | ||
No | 88 (96.7) | 548 (96.5) | |
Yes | 3 (3.3) | 20 (3.5) | |
Tumor Characteristics | |||
Location of the lesion, n (%) | 0.045 | ||
Central airways | 20 (22.0) | 79 (13.9) | |
Peripheral bronchi | 71 (78.0) | 489 (86.1) | |
Stage of cancer, n (%) | 0.461 | ||
Early | 52 (57.1) | 301 (53.0) | |
Advanced | 39 (42.9) | 267 (47.0) | |
Histological types, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
Adenocarcinoma | 11 (12.1) | 165 (29.0) | |
Squamous cell carcinoma | 63 (69.2) | 268 (47.2) | |
SCLC | 13 (14.3) | 103 (18.1) | |
Othera | 4 (4.4) | 32 (5.6) | |
Laboratory Tests, median (Q1-Q3) | |||
WBC (×109/L) | 6.8 (5.5–8.9) | 6.8 (5.5–8.6) | 0.977 |
Neutrophils (%) | 72.2 (64.2–80.4) | 69.5 (61.9–76.1) | 0.025 |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 126 (116–137) | 128 (116–140) | 0.325 |
platelets (× 109/L) | 237 (167–296) | 225 (174.0–284) | 0.687 |
CRP (mg/L) | 12.7 (3.0–37.7) | 5.9 (1.1–28.9) | 0.009 |
PT (S) | 13.2 (12.3–13.6) | 12.6 (11.7–13.3) | < 0.001 |
APTT (S) | 36.1 (33.0–40.0) | 34.0 (31.5–37.1) | < 0.001 |
ALT (IU/L) | 14.0 (11.5–21.3) | 17.0 (12.0–26.0) | 0.027 |
AST (IU/L) | 22.6 (18.0–27.1) | 23.0 (19.0–29.0) | 0.289 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.0 (0.8–1.4) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.793 |
TC (mmol/L) | 4.1 (3.6–4.7) | 4.1 (3.5–4.8) | 0.663 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 0.069 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.9 (2.4–3.4) | 2.7 (2.2–3.3) | 0.143 |
Apolipoprotein B (g/L) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.569 |
Apolipoprotein E (mg/dL) | 3.3 (2.5–4.4) | 3.6 (2.8–4.7) | 0.078 |