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Table 4 Identification of C. difficille by a toxin assay

From: Bee pollen and propolis improve neuroinflammation and dysbiosis induced by propionic acid, a short chain fatty acid in a rodent model of autism

Fecal samples Antigen Toxin A Toxin B C. difficile
PPA + + + +
Bee pollen – – – –
Propolis + – – +
C. difficile +    +
  1. Antigen, glutamate dehydrogenase antigen; PPA, propionic acid; +, positive; −, negative
  2. If Antigen is positive and toxins A and B are negative, non-toxin-producing C. difficile is present
  3. If Antigen, toxin A, and toxin B are positive, toxin-producing C. difficile is present
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X