Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants categorized by glucose metabolism status at follow-up
|  | Overall (n = 4093) | NGT (n = 3022) | Prediabetes (n = 1071) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age(years) | 55 (50–59) | 54 (50–58) | 55 (51–60) | <  0.001 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | 0.962 |
 Male | 1275 (31.2) | 942 (31.2) | 333 (31.1) |  |
 Female | 2818 (68.8) | 2080 (68.8) | 738 (68.9) |  |
High school or above, n (%) | 2679 (65.5) | 1996 (66.0) | 683 (63.8) | 0.178 |
Cigarette smoking, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.651 |
 No smoking | 3176 (77.6) | 2350 (77.8) | 826 (77.1) |  |
 Quit smoking | 146 (3.6) | 103 (3.4) | 43 (4.0) |  |
 Current smoking | 771 (18.8) | 569 (18.8) | 202 (18.9) |  |
Alcohol drinking, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.756 |
 No drinking | 2853 (69.7) | 2097 (69.4) | 756 (70.6) |  |
 Quit drinking | 77 (1.9) | 58 (1.9) | 19 (1.8) |  |
 Current drinking | 1163 (28.4) | 867 (28.7) | 296 (27.6) |  |
Family history of diabetes, n (%) | 892 (21.8) | 613 (20.3) | 279 (26.1) | <  0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8 (22.8–27.0) | 24.6 (22.6–26.8) | 25.4 (23.2–27.4) | <  0.001 |
WC (cm) | 81 (75–87) | 81 (75–87) | 83 (77–88) | <  0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 126 (117–137) | 125 (116–136) | 129 (120–139) | <  0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 74 (68–81) | 74 (68–80) | 75 (69–82) | <  0.001 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.1 (4.9–5.3) | 5.1 (4.9–5.3) | 5.2 (5.0–5.4) | <  0.001 |
2 h-PG (mmol/L) | 6.1 (5.2–6.8) | 5.9 (5.1–6.6) | 6.6 (5.7–7.1) | <  0.001 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.18 (0.85–1.65) | 1.13 (0.83–1.58) | 1.35 (0.95–1.86) | <  0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.44 (1.22–1.71) | 1.46 (1.24–1.73) | 1.39 (1.16–1.65) | <  0.001 |
TG/HDL-C | 0.82 (0.52–1.29) | 0.77 (0.50–1.22) | 0.97 (0.61–1.50) | <  0.001 |
TyG | 8.47 (8.14–8.81) | 8.42 (8.11–8.76) | 8.62 (8.28–8.95) | <  0.001 |
Mets-IR | 35.22 (31.08–39.89) | 34.60 (30.86–39.35) | 36.63 (32.15–41.40) | <  0.001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 1351 (33.0) | 923 (30.5) | 428 (40.0) | <  0.001 |
CVD, n (%) | 289 (7.1) | 201 (6.7) | 88 (8.2) | 0.086 |